Human health risk assessment of some bottled waters from Romania

Dippong, Thomas; Hoaghia, Maria-Alexandra; Mihali, Cristina; Cical, Elena; Călugăru, Mihai

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115409

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The sources of Cr include smelting and mining activities and machinery and the electroplating industry ( Dippong et al., 2020 ). Cr is an essential element in organisms and humans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copper is an essential element, occurs as metalloproteins, and functions as enzymes connected to cell respiration and energy utilization. Sources of Cu are from the machinery and electroplating industry and mining/smelting activities ( Dippong et al., 2020 ). In aquaculture, the sources of Cu include commercial algaecides (copper II sulfate as an active ingredient), antifungal, and anti-parasitic agents ( Lahman et al., 2015 ; Zhao et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal(loid)s are present in the natural environment but their anthropogenic sources which include domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastes have exacerbated their levels in aquatic systems. Heavy metals are of great concern and a growing problem worldwide, contributing to 9 million excess deaths ( Heidari et al., 2021 ; Dippong et al., 2017 ) and could cause health problems ( Dippong et al., 2020 ). Sources of heavy metals in aquatic systems include leaching of rocks especially by rainwater, atmospheric deposition of airborne dust or industrial emissions, forest fires, and vegetation ( Dippong et al., 2017 ), and fertilizers, animal agriculture wastes, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human health risk assessment of selected metal(loid)s via crayfish (Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) consumption in Missouri

Ikem

Ayodeji

Wetzel

2021

Heliyon

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Farmed crustaceans are an important component in addressing the rising animal protein demand. The present study determined the concentrations of fourteen elements (Ag, As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sn, Pb, and Zn) in the edible abdominal muscle of cultured freshwater crayfish species ( Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus ) from Missouri. Also, this paper describes the dietary intake and the human health risks from the consumption of crayfish muscle in the adult population. Overall, 172 animals were captured between February 2017 and January 2018 for assessment. Concentrations of metals (Ag, Be, Cd, Cu, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mo, and Zn) and metalloid (As) in the muscle tissue were determined after microwave-assisted acid digestion by ICP - OES. Health indices (EDI/EWI: estimated daily/weekly intakes; THQ: target hazard quotient; TTHQ: total target hazard quotient; ILCR: incremental lifetime cancer risk; and ∑ILCR: cumulative lifetime cancer risk) were calculated and compared to thresholds. Of all samples, the highest concentrations (mg kg −1 wet weight) of metal(loid)s in muscle were Ag (0.11), As (3.15), Be (0.21), Cd (0.11), Co (0.32), Cr (1.22), Cu (107), Fe (23.0), Mn (8.54), Mo (0.62), Ni (2.65), Pb (1.76), Sn (5.91), and Zn (19.2). In both species, the average As, Cd, and Zn concentrations were below the legal limits. However, the levels of Cu, Pb, and As, in some samples, were in exceedance of the maximum levels. In both species, a significant correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between the carapace length (CL) and animal body weight (BW). In P. acutus , CL, BW, and animal total length were homogenous (p > 0.05) among the sexes. Non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test results indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) in the levels of As, Be, and Zn in F. virilis , and Be and Cr in P. a. acutus among the genders. Significant inter-species differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the levels of Be, Ni, and Pb and the growth factors. The EDI/EWI values were below the permissible limits. THQ and TTHQ values, being below 1.0, indicated no probabilistic health risk. Regarding carcinogenic risk, only As and Ni indicated cancer risk (ILCR >10 −5 and ∑ILCR >10 −5 ) to the adult population. High metals/metalloid exposure from crayfish muscle consumption posed potential health hazards to the adult population.

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“…The sources of Cr include smelting and mining activities and machinery and the electroplating industry ( Dippong et al., 2020 ). Cr is an essential element in organisms and humans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human health risk assessment of selected metal(loid)s via crayfish (Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) consumption in Missouri

Ikem

Ayodeji

Wetzel

2021

Heliyon

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“…Even so, TDS levels are not accounted for in mandatory water regulations, because the essential removal of harmful toxins and heavy metals is what matters the most in water safety. Some companies indicate risks in certain ions and alkali metals, showing how water hardness is mostly disregarded and is not as well treated as commercial water bottling companies [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on drinking water purification technologies for household use by reducing total dissolved solids (TDS)

Wang

2021

PLoS ONE

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This study, based in San Bernardino County, Southern California, collected and examined tap water samples within the area to explore the feasibility of adopting non-industrial equipment and methods to reduce water hardness and total dissolved solids(TDS). We investigated how water quality could be improved by utilizing water boiling, activated carbon and sodium bicarbonate additives, as well as electrolysis methods. The results show that heating is effective at lower temperatures rather than long boils, as none of the boiling tests were lower than the original value. Activated carbon is unable to lower TDS, because it is unable to bind to any impurities present in the water. This resulted in an overall TDS increase of 3.5%. However, adding small amounts of sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) will further eliminate water hardness by reacting with magnesium ions and improve taste, while increasing the pH. When added to room temperature tap water, there is a continuous increase in TDS of 24.8% at the 30 mg/L mark. The new findings presented in this study showed that electrolysis was the most successful method in eliminating TDS, showing an inverse proportion where an increasing electrical current and duration of electrical lowers more amounts of solids. This method created a maximum decrease in TDS by a maximum of 22.7%, with 3 tests resulting in 15.3–16.6% decreases. Furthermore, when water is heated to a temperature around 50°C (122°F), a decrease in TDS of around 16% was also shown. The reduction of these solids will help lower water hardness and improve the taste of tap water. These results will help direct residents to drink more tap water rather than bottled water with similar taste and health benefits for a cheaper price as well as a reduction on plastic usage.

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“…In particular, the chemical composition and related properties of mineral waters are not only important for health, but also for the promotion and advertising of these waters (Kończyk et al, 2019). Up to now, many studies have focused on the chemical quality of bottled drinking and mineral waters consumed in various countries and Turkey (Mahajan et al, 2006;Cemek et al, 2007;Baba et al, 2008;Güler and Alpaslan, 2009;Cicchella et al, 2010;Cengiz et al, 2015;Dos Santos et al 2016;Khandaker et al, 2017;Dippong et al, 2020;Todorović et al, 2020). However, the contents Ca, Mg and Na in bottled spring and mineral waters commercially sold in Turkey have not been compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of mineral content of bottled spring and mineral waters marketed in Turkey

Turhan

Kurnaz

Hançerlioğulları

2021

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Drinking water is the most indispensable substance for humans. Bottled drinking waters are preferred over tap water with the belief that they are more nutritious, better quality, more delicious and safe in terms of health. Therefore, the Turkish bottled (spring and mineral) water market has experienced a continuous growth since 2003, as in the whole world. This study focuses on comparing the common mineral cation calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) and sodium (Na+) content of twenty one popular bottled spring and mineral water brands marketed in Turkey by using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The average concentrations of Ca, Mg and Na analyzed in bottled spring and mineral water samples were found as 14.9, 24.1 and 8.2 mg/L and 147.9, 44.3 and 117.3 mg/L, respectively. This comparison confirms that bottled natural mineral water has better quality in terms of major nutrient minerals than bottled natural spring waters.

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Human health risk assessment of some bottled waters from Romania

Cited by 66 publications

References 42 publications

Human health risk assessment of selected metal(loid)s via crayfish (Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) consumption in Missouri

Human health risk assessment of selected metal(loid)s via crayfish (Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) consumption in Missouri

Research on drinking water purification technologies for household use by reducing total dissolved solids (TDS)

Comparison of mineral content of bottled spring and mineral waters marketed in Turkey

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