Human infection with Avian influenza A virus in Nepal: requisite for timely management and preparedness

Acharya, Krishna Prasad; Acharya, Narayan; Phuyal, Sarita; Subramanya, Supram Hosuru

doi:10.1007/s13337-020-00593-z

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similarly, due to the frequent outbreaks avian influenza was mostly known zoonotic disease among the respondents. In Nepal, avian influenza was first time seen in 2009, after that it was seen 237 outbreaks were reported in different parts of the country till fiscal years 2016/17 and 1,966,745 poultry were slaughtered [ 24 ]. However, more respondents in Tanahun responded with the correct answer about the diseases in comparison to the other two districts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional variation in knowledge and practice regarding common zoonoses among livestock farmers of selective districts in Nepal

2023

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Background The majority of Nepalese people are involved in farming. However, due to limited knowledge of zoonoses and poor preventive practices on the part of livestock farmers, vulnerabilities to zoonotic diseases are very high. The main objective of this study was to assess the regional variation in zoonoses-related knowledge and preventive practices of livestock farmers in different ecological regions of Nepal. Material and methods Descriptive cross-sectional quantitative research design was followed in the study. The total sample size was 380 livestock farmers from randomly selected three ecological regions of Nepal. Systematic sampling techniques were applied for data collection. Data were entered into an excel sheet and then imported into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The data were calculated using descriptive statistics. Univariate, and bivariate analyses were performed, and the result of the study was presented in the form of text and tables based on their nature. Results Of the studied six zoonotic diseases, most of the respondents (95.8%) knew about zoonotic bird flu; 90.7% of them, were about rabies; and 54.2% knew about swine flu. However, a few respondents knew about bovine tuberculosis, neurocysticercosis, and brucellosis. Ecologically, the highest number of respondents in Nawalpur had knowledge of rabies (95.3%), and swine flu (61.6%), whereas 98.3% of them had knowledge of avian influenza in Tanahun; and 12.5% of neurocysticercosis in Manang. Regarding zoonoses preventive practices such as regular hand washing with soap water, mask-wearing, gloves, boots, the respondents’ representation of 60.8%, 6.6%, 1.8%, and 1.3% respectively in such practices show that although these are easy and cost-effective, personal protective equipment (PPE), such preventive practices were extremely underperformed. Not only that, only 12% of respondents maintain a standard distance (>15m.) between their house and shed. Similarly, 17% still consumed meat from sick animals, and vaccination of livestock was also found poor coverage (36%) in the study. Conclusions Livestock farmers need to be more knowledgeable about many common zoonotic diseases, and their preventive practices still need improvement, with significant regional variation in the study. This has invited various zoonosis threats for them. Therefore, it is recommended that the interventional programs related to common zoonoses be conducted for livestock farmers to solve the problem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional variation in knowledge and practice regarding common zoonoses among livestock farmers of selective districts in Nepal

2023

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“…It is highly pathogenic on avian but rarely transmitted to a human. Due to the frequent outbreaks of zoonoses, [it is more than 237 times outbreaks and 1966745 poultry were slaughtered from 2009 to 2016/ 2017 in Nepal (Acharya et al, 2020),] the respondents probably had a good knowledge of bird flu. A similar finding was revealed by (Hundal et al, 2016) on goat farmers in Punjab, India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational association with zoonotic related knowledge and practices of livestock farmers in selective districts of Nepal

Bagale

Adhikari

Acharya

2022

J. Health Promotion

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This study aims to assess the educational association with knowledge and preventive practices of livestock farmers toward the common zoonoses. A descriptive cross- sectional quantitative research design was followed in the study. The total sample size was 380 livestock farmers from randomly selected three districts of Nepal. Systematic sampling technique was applied for data collection. The data were calculated using descriptive statistics. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. The majority of the respondents (52.4%) had basic level education. Similarly, more than two-thirds (67.6%) adopted agro-farming and less than one in ten (7.9%) had livestock as a major occupation in their households. In this study bird flu (95.8%) and rabies (90.7%) are highly known zoonoses and swine flu is average (54.2%) in terms of respondents' knowledge. The finding shows that a large number of respondents with higher education had good knowledge about zoonoses and followed better zoonoses preventive practices. Among the higher educated respondents; practice to avoid sick animal consumption was 86.7 percent, practice to children avoiding livestock contact was 45.5 percent, pregnant women avoiding livestock exposure was 49 percent and pre-exposure vaccination practices was 55.8 percent which showed significant statistical association with their level of education. However, a significant number of respondents with higher education still were unaware about many common zoonoses and poor preventive practices. Therefore; education should be accessible in every community whereas; health education with specific zoonoses in the school curriculum and zoonoses related training for livestock farmers should be warranted.

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“…For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, early detection aided health authorities in identifying infected individuals, thereby slowing the spread of the disease [ 16 , 17 ]. Similarly, for diseases transmitted between animals and humans, early detection and timely implementation of control measures can prevent large-scale transmission within populations [ [18] , [19] , [20] ]. Therefore, it is crucial to establish robust surveillance and response systems that enable early detection and rapid response to emerging zoonotic disease outbreaks before they escalate into epidemics or pandemics [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern technologies and solutions to enhance surveillance and response systems for emerging zoonotic diseases

Zhang,

Guo,

2024

Science in One Health

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Human infection with Avian influenza A virus in Nepal: requisite for timely management and preparedness

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Regional variation in knowledge and practice regarding common zoonoses among livestock farmers of selective districts in Nepal

Regional variation in knowledge and practice regarding common zoonoses among livestock farmers of selective districts in Nepal

Educational association with zoonotic related knowledge and practices of livestock farmers in selective districts of Nepal

Modern technologies and solutions to enhance surveillance and response systems for emerging zoonotic diseases

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