Human metapneumovirus genotypes and severity of disease in young children (n = 100) during a 7‐year study in Dijon hospital, France

Abstract

Human metapneumovirus is a cause of respiratory tract infections at all ages. Our objectives were to analyze the distribution of the A and B genotypes over 7 years in Dijon and to investigate a possible association between hMPV genotypes and disease severity. During 2002-2009, we genotyped the 100 isolates from children <3 years old with hMPV. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a change in the distribution of hMPV genotype over the years. Severity was then measured by detailed clinical evaluation. The hospitalization rate was greater when genotype B was involved 72.5% versus 53.3% (P = 0.054). Those infected with genotype B tended to have a higher clinical score, as measured by Vicente et al. 2006 (P = 0.07). We showed that, although clinical severity is not clearly associated with hMPV genotype in this study, pathological signs on chest X-ray were observed more often in B subgroup (P < 0.01).

Human Metapneumovirus: Lessons Learned over the First Decade

“…Predicted epitopes were screened as synthetic peptides against HMPV-immune splenocytes from BALB/c mice by ELISPOT assay. These experiments identified H-2 d -restricted dominant (M2 [181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189] ) and subdominant (N 307-315 ) epitopes. Primary T cell lines generated ex vivo by stimulation with these peptides were CD8 ϩ , IFN-␥ secreting, and functional for lytic activity.…”

“…For instance, while lineage A1 circulated extensively in humans from 1982 to 2003 (233, 253), it has rarely been detected since 2004. In numerous other studies, it has been shown that the predominant circulating strains may vary by year and that predominant strains may be replaced, on average, every 1 to 3 years (2,9,40,44,70,118,140,146,152,154,166,177,185,188,242).…”

“…Several groups have suggested that HMPV lineage A might be associated with more severe clinical disease (9,126,162,240). However, others reported that lineage B may cause more severe illness (72,185), while other groups found no evidence for differential severity caused by different HMPV lineages (4,140,160,258). A better understanding of the host response to HMPV lineages is needed to understand the mechanisms that may contribute to differences in clinical severity.…”

Phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus detected in hospitalized patients in Kuwait during the years 2009–2011

“…This variation in the circulation of different hMPV genotypes and the replacement of the predominant genotype was reported earlier [36][37][38]. Some studies reported that hMPV genotype A could be more pathogenic than genotype B by causing more severe infections [39,40], whereas other studies have suggested that genotype B may cause more severe illness [41]. However, in our study, it was shown that all hMPV-positive patients presented with severe LRTIs regardless of their genotypes, which was consistent with a group of studies showing no correlation between different hMPV genotypes and the severity of illness [42][43][44].…”

Paramyxoviruses: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus

“…A study in Spain reported that children with group A infection more frequently had pneumonia and higher disease severity [ 309 ], while in Canada, group B was associated with more severe disease in hospitalized patients [ 261 ]. Patients with group B strains in a French study were more likely to have abnormal chest radiographs but did not have signifi cant differences in oxygen saturation, hospitalizations, or clinical severity scores [ 310 ]. Other studies have found no major distinctions in disease severity [ 239 , 241 , 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 9 9 9 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 6 1 9 9 5 1 9 9 4 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 2 1 9 9 1 1 9 9 0 1 9 8 9 1 9 8 8 1 9 8 7 1 9 8 6 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 4 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 2 311 ], laboratory abnormalities [ 228 ], or symptoms [ 240 ] between subgroups.…”