Human milk microbiota profiles in relation to birthing method, gestation and infant gender

Urbaniak, Camilla; Angelini, Michelle; Gloor, Gregory B.; Reid, Gregor

doi:10.1186/s40168-015-0145-y

Cited by 345 publications

(336 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Recent studies have suggested that milk bacterial communities originate from the maternal host or environmental sources including: (i) vaginal or skin bacteria (depending on the delivery model)1718; (ii) the infant’s oral and skin bacteria, which may contaminate milk during breastfeeding because of milk flow back into the mammary duct19; and (iii) bacteria in the maternal gastrointestinal tract, which translocate through the bacterial entero-mammary pathway into the mammary glands, and then to the milk20. However, Hunt et al 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Bacteria Community Composition and Co-occurrence in the Milk of Different Ruminants

Wright

Yang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Lactation provides the singular source of nourishment to the offspring of mammals. This nutrition source also contains a diverse microbiota affecting the development and health of the newborn. Here, we examined the milk microbiota in water deer (Hydropotes inermis, the most primitive member of the family Cervidae), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, the oldest semi-domesticated cervid), and the dairy goat (Capra aegagrus, member of the family Bovidae), to determine if common milk microbiota species were present across all three ruminant species. The results showed that water deer had the highest bacterial diversity, followed by reindeer, and then goat. Unifrac distance and correspondence analyses revealed that water deer harbored an increased abundance of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp., while milk from reindeer and goat was dominated by unclassified bacteria from the family Hyphomicrobiaceae and Bacillus spp., respectively. These data indicate significant differences in the composition of milk-based bacterial communities. The presence of Halomonas spp. in three distinct co-occurrence networks of bacterial interactions revealed both common and unique features in milk niches. These results suggest that the milk of water deer and reindeer harbor unique bacterial communities compared with the goat, which might reflect host microbial adaptation caused by evolution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Bacteria Community Composition and Co-occurrence in the Milk of Different Ruminants

Wright

Yang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Their results and the findings of our current study provide further confirmation that the mode of feeding affects the oral microbiota of infants from the early neonatal period (4 weeks of age) and up to 3 months of age. Human breast milk also has its own unique microbiome29, so breast-feeding of infants may assist in the transmission of ‘healthy’ microflora from mothers to their infants. However, it is also known that pathogenic viruses (human immunodeficiency virus, Zika virus, cytomegalovirus) and bacteria ( Candida spp., Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA of the neonatal oral microbiome: a comparison of breast-fed and formula-fed infants

Al-Shehri

Sweeney

Cowley

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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In utero and upon delivery, neonates are exposed to a wide array of microorganisms from various sources, including maternal bacteria. Prior studies have proposed that the mode of feeding shapes the gut microbiota and, subsequently the child’s health. However, the effect of the mode of feeding and its influence on the development of the neonatal oral microbiota in early infancy has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the oral microbiota of healthy infants that were exclusively breast-fed or formula-fed using 16S-rRNA gene sequencing. We demonstrated that the oral bacterial communities were dominated by the phylum Firmicutes, in both groups. There was a higher prevalence of the phylum Bacteroidetes in the mouths of formula-fed infants than in breast-fed infants (p = 0.01), but in contrast Actinobacteria were more prevalent in breast-fed babies; Proteobacteria was more prevalent in saliva of breast-fed babies than in formula-fed neonates (p = 0.04). We also found evidence suggesting that the oral microbiota composition changed over time, particularly Streptococcus species, which had an increasing trend between 4–8 weeks in both groups. This study findings confirmed that the mode of feeding influences the development of oral microbiota, and this may have implications for long-term human health.

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“…59 Further research on the HM microbiota is needed to reveal how they interact with other components found in HM and how these constituents work together to facilitate healthy maturation of the infant GI microbiota. 69,70 Continued investigation of how the HM microbiota differs between mothers as well as the effects of transient exposure to certain bacteria, without colonization, will provide further insight into the complex and long-lasting functional differences witnessed between growing infants. 70 …”

Section: Human Milk Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…69,70 Continued investigation of how the HM microbiota differs between mothers as well as the effects of transient exposure to certain bacteria, without colonization, will provide further insight into the complex and long-lasting functional differences witnessed between growing infants. 70 …”

Section: Human Milk Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

2017

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The development of the human infant intestinal microbiota is a sequential process that begins in utero and continues during the first 2 to 3 years of life. Microbial composition and diversity are shaped by host genetics and multiple environmental factors, of which diet is a principal contributor. An understanding of this process is of clinical importance as the microbiota acquired in early life influence gastrointestinal, immune and neural development, and reduced microbial diversity or dysbiosis during infancy is associated with disorders in infancy and later childhood. The goal of this article was to review the published literature that used culture-independent methods to describe the development of the gastrointestinal microbiota in breast-and formula-fed human infants as well as the impact of prebiotic and probiotic addition to infant formula, and the addition of solid foods.

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Human milk microbiota profiles in relation to birthing method, gestation and infant gender

Cited by 345 publications

References 42 publications

Unique Bacteria Community Composition and Co-occurrence in the Milk of Different Ruminants

Unique Bacteria Community Composition and Co-occurrence in the Milk of Different Ruminants

Deep sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA of the neonatal oral microbiome: a comparison of breast-fed and formula-fed infants

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

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