Human Milk Oligosaccharides Inhibit Candida albicans Invasion of Human Premature Intestinal Epithelial Cells ,

Gonia, Sara; Tuepker, Michele; Heisel, Timothy; Autran, Chloe; Bode, Lars; Gale, Cheryl A.

doi:10.3945/jn.115.214940

Cited by 67 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This bacteriostatic effect seems to be linked to specific HMO structures that disrupt proper bacterial membrane glycosylation (233). In contrast, HMOs do not directly impact growth of Candida albicans yet alter hyphal morphology and length, which impacts the yeast's attachment to epithelial cells (234). Disseminated candidiasis is a frequent life-threatening infection in premature infants, with rates as high as 23% in those born at extremely low birth weights (Ͻ1,000 g) (235).…”

Section: Hmos and Antimicrobial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Milani

Duranti

Bottacini

et al. 2017

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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1,374

1,189

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The human gut microbiota is engaged in multiple interactions affecting host health during the host's entire life span. Microbes colonize the neonatal gut immediately following birth. The establishment and interactive development of this early gut microbiota are believed to be (at least partially) driven and modulated by specific compounds present in human milk. It has been shown that certain genomes of infant gut commensals, in particular those of bifidobacterial species, are genetically adapted to utilize specific glycans of this human secretory fluid, thus representing a very intriguing example of host-microbe coevolution, where both partners are believed to benefit. In recent years, various metagenomic studies have tried to dissect the composition and functionality of the infant gut microbiome and to explore the distribution across the different ecological niches of the infant gut biogeography of the corresponding microbial consortia, including those corresponding to bacteria and viruses, in healthy and ill subjects. Such analyses have linked certain features of the microbiota/microbiome, such as reduced diversity or aberrant composition, to intestinal illnesses in infants or disease states that are manifested at later stages of life, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and metabolic disorders. Thus, a growing number of studies have reported on how the early human gut microbiota composition/development may affect risk factors related to adult health conditions. This concept has fueled the development of strategies to shape the infant microbiota composition based on various functional food products. In this review, we describe the infant microbiota, the mechanisms that drive its establishment and composition, and how microbial consortia may be molded by natural or artificial interventions. Finally, we discuss the relevance of key microbial players of the infant gut microbiota, in particular bifidobacteria, with respect to their role in health and disease.

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Section: Hmos and Antimicrobial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Milani

Duranti

Bottacini

et al. 2017

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

Self Cite

1,374

1,189

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“…For example, COS inhibited gut dysbiosis by promoting Akkermansia muciniphila (Zheng et al, 2018), whereas inulin has been found to increase faecal Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in healthy humans (Ramirez-Farias et al, 2009 HMOs decreased invasion and toxicity of Candida albicans, a fungal colonizer of the neonatal gut, by shortening hyphal length and by reducing the expression of hyphal-specific genes (mycelial cell wall protein-encoding genes), possibly protecting premature infants from C. albicans-induced intestinal disorders (Gonia et al, 2015). ITF and FOS decreased gene expression of Clostridium cluster XI and C. difficile toxin B (TcdB) in the faeces of rats in an IBD model, thereby reducing chronic inflammation (Koleva et al, 2012).…”

Section: Furthermore Intestinal Bacteria Including Lactobacillus Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota‐dependent and ‐independent effects of dietary fibre on human health

Cai

Folkerts

et al. 2019

British J Pharmacology

102

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Dietary fibre, such as indigestible oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, occurs in many foods and has gained considerable importance related to its beneficial effects on host health and specific diseases. Dietary fibre is neither digested nor absorbed in the small intestine and modulates the composition of the gut microbiota. New evidence indicates that dietary fibre also interacts directly with the epithelium and immune cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract by microbiota‐independent effects. This review focuses on how dietary fibre improves human health and the reported health benefits that are connected to molecular pathways, in (a) a microbiota‐independent manner, via interaction with specific surface receptors on epithelial and immune cells regulating intestinal barrier and immune function, and (b) a microbiota‐dependent manner via maintaining intestinal homeostasis by promoting beneficial microbes, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, limiting the growth, adhesion, and cytotoxicity of pathogenic microbes, as well as stimulating fibre‐derived microbial short‐chain fatty acid production. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc

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“…Decades of research have suggested that HMOs may be important for nourishing health-promoting bacteria in the breastfed infant’s gastrointestinal tract (13–17), and emerging research suggests that HMOs act as antiadhesives, thereby reducing pathogen attachment and infectivity (18–22). HMOs also appear to act as antimicrobials that prevent pathogen proliferation (23) and as epithelial and immune cell modulators that affect host responses (24–26). HMOs may even be involved in brain development (27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s normal? Oligosaccharide concentrations and profiles in milk produced by healthy women vary geographically ,

McGuire¹,

Meehan

McGuire³

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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326

380

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Background: Human milk is a complex fluid comprised of myriad substances, with one of the most abundant substances being a group of complex carbohydrates referred to as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). There has been some evidence that HMO profiles differ in populations, but few studies have rigorously explored this variability.Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that HMO profiles differ in diverse populations of healthy women. Next, we examined relations between HMO and maternal anthropometric and reproductive indexes and indirectly examined whether differences were likely related to genetic or environmental variations.Design: In this cross-sectional, observational study, milk was collected from a total of 410 healthy, breastfeeding women in 11 international cohorts and analyzed for HMOs by using high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: There was an effect of the cohort (P < 0.05) on concentrations of almost all HMOs. For instance, the mean 3-fucosyllactose concentration was >4 times higher in milk collected in Sweden than in milk collected in rural Gambia (mean ± SEM: 473 ± 55 compared with 103 ± 16 nmol/mL, respectively; P < 0.05), and disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) concentrations ranged from 216 ± 14 nmol/mL (in Sweden) to 870 ± 68 nmol/mL (in rural Gambia) (P < 0.05). Maternal age, time postpartum, weight, and body mass index were all correlated with several HMOs, and multiple differences in HMOs [e.g., lacto-N-neotetrose and DSLNT] were shown between ethnically similar (and likely genetically similar) populations who were living in different locations, which suggests that the environment may play a role in regulating the synthesis of HMOs.Conclusions: The results of this study support our hypothesis that normal HMO concentrations and profiles vary geographically, even in healthy women. Targeted genomic analyses are required to determine whether these differences are due at least in part to genetic variation. A careful examination of sociocultural, behavioral, and environmental factors is needed to determine their roles in this regard. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02670278.

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides Inhibit Candida albicans Invasion of Human Premature Intestinal Epithelial Cells ,

Abstract: These results, obtained with the use of a primary pIEC model, indicate that HMOs reduce virulence characteristics of C. albicans and suggest a role for HMOs in protecting the premature infant intestine from invasion and damage by C. albicans hyphae.

Cited by 67 publications

References 52 publications

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Microbiota‐dependent and ‐independent effects of dietary fibre on human health

What’s normal? Oligosaccharide concentrations and profiles in milk produced by healthy women vary geographically ,

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