Human milk ribonuclease

Dalaly, B. K.; Eitenmiller, Ronald R.; Friend, B.A.; Shahani, K. M.

doi:10.1016/0005-2744(80)90505-7

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Dalaly et al (1970) considered milk RNase to be generally similar to bovine pancreatic RNase. Further characterisation of the two human milk isozymes was reported by Dalaly, Eitenmiller, Friend, and Shahani (1980). Gupta and Mathur (1989a) reported a single peak of RNase activity for goats' milk following chromatography on Amberlite IRC-50 resin; both bovine and buffalo milks showed two peaks of activity after the same procedure.…”

Section: Ribonucleasementioning

confidence: 86%

Indigenous enzymes in milk: Overview and historical aspects—Part 2

Fox

Kelly

2006

International Dairy Journal

101

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Between 1924 and about 1970, many indigenous enzymes were identified in milk. These were important as indicators of the adequate pasteurisation of milk (alkaline phosphatase, g-glutamyl transferase) or of mastitis (N-acetylglucosaminidase, acid phosphatase) and some were considered to be important for the stability of milk (superoxidase dismutase, sulphydryl oxidase). Human and equine milk both contain a very high level of lysozyme, which is considered to have a significant protective effect on the neonate. Progress on the isolation and characterisation of these seven enzymes first isolated in the period 1925-1970, as well as ribonuclease, aldolase and glutathione peroxidase, from the milk of the cow and other species and their significance in milk and dairy products is reviewed in this article. r

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Section: Ribonucleasementioning

confidence: 86%

Indigenous enzymes in milk: Overview and historical aspects—Part 2

Fox

Kelly

2006

International Dairy Journal

101

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“…Outside of their natural environment, milk-purified MEC can be fragile. Moreover, milk contains ribonuclease ( Dalaly et al, 1980 ), thus their RNA may be susceptible to degradation. Despite all this, in most studies, the RNA quality of milk-purified MEC is acceptable for gene expression analyses as assessed using the RNA Integrity Number (RIN) generated by Agilent 2100 expert software ( Schroeder et al, 2006 ) with RIN above 8.…”

Section: The Methodology For Using Mec From Milk To Analyze Mammary Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammary epithelial cells isolated from milk are a valuable, non-invasive source of mammary transcripts

2015

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Milk is produced in the udder by mammary epithelial cells (MEC). Milk contains MEC, which are gradually exfoliated from the epithelium during lactation. Isolation of MEC from milk using immunomagnetic separation may be a useful non-invasive method to investigate transcriptional regulations in ruminants’ udder. This review aims to describe the process of isolating MEC from milk, to provide an overview on the studies that use this method to analyze gene expression by qRT PCR and to evaluate the validity of this method by analyzing and comparing the results between studies. In several goat and cow studies, consistent reductions in alpha-lactalbumin mRNA levels during once-daily milking (ODM) and in SLC2A1 mRNA level during feed restriction are observed. The effect of ODM on alpha-lactalbumin mRNA level was similarly observed in milk isolated MEC and mammary biopsy. Moreover, we and others showed decreasing alpha-lactalbumin and increasing BAX mRNA levels with advanced stages of lactation in dairy cows and buffalo. The relevance of using the milk-isolated MEC method to analyze mammary gene expression is proven, as the transcript variations were also consistent with milk yield and composition variations under the effect of different factors such as prolactin inhibition or photoperiod. However, the RNA from milk-isolated MEC is particularly sensitive to degradation. This could explain the differences obtained between milk-isolated MEC and mammary biopsy in two studies where gene expression was compared using qRT-PCR or RNA Sequencing analyses. As a conclusion, when the RNA quality is conserved, MEC isolated from milk are a valuable, non-invasive source of mammary mRNA to study various factors that impact milk yield and composition (ODM, feeding level, endocrine status, photoperiod modulation, and stage of lactation).

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“…The conditions found in biological fluids are highly unfavorable for nucleic acids. These include a high ribonuclease activity (Dalaly, Eitenmiller, Friend, & Shahani, ; Gupta, Haigh, Seyfert, Griffin, & Wheeler, ; Ramaswamy, Swamy, & Das, ) that suggested, at first, that microRNAs are intracellular compounds and only impact gene expression of the cells that produce them (Leung, ).…”

Section: Circulating Micrornas: the Paradigm Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk MicroRNAs in Health and Disease

Benmoussa

Provost

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs responsible for regulating 40% to 60% of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The discovery of circulating microRNAs in several biological fluids opened the path for their study as biomarkers and long‐range cell‐to‐cell communication mediators. Their transfer between individuals in the case of blood transfusion, for example, and their high enrichment in milk have sparked the interest for microRNA transfer through diet, especially from mothers to infants during breastfeeding. The extension of such paradigm led to the study of milk microRNAs in the case of cow or goat milk consumption in adults. Here we provide a comprehensive critical review of the key findings surrounding milk microRNAs in human, cow, and goat milk among other species. We discuss the data on their biological properties, their use as disease biomarkers, their transfer between individuals or species, and their putative or verified functions in health and disease of infants and adult consumers. This work is based on all the literature available and integrates all the results, theories, debates, and validation studies available so far on milk microRNAs and related areas of investigations. We critically discuss the limitations and outline future aspects and avenues to explore in this rapidly growing field of research that could impact public health through infant milk formulations or new therapies. We hope that this comprehensive review of the literature will provide insight for all teams investigating milk RNAs’ biological activities and help ensure the quality of future reports.

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Human milk ribonuclease

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Indigenous enzymes in milk: Overview and historical aspects—Part 2

Indigenous enzymes in milk: Overview and historical aspects—Part 2

Mammary epithelial cells isolated from milk are a valuable, non-invasive source of mammary transcripts

Milk MicroRNAs in Health and Disease

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