Human Mobility to Parks Under the COVID‐19 Pandemic and Wildfire Seasons in the Western and Central United States

Yang, Anni; Yang, Jue; Yang, Di; Xu, Rongting; He, Yaqian; Aragon, Amanda; Qiu, Han

doi:10.1029/2021gh000494

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Mean difference analysis. To reveal the impacts of irrigation on precipitation and temperature for each county in the Arkansas Delta, we applied mean difference analysis (Yang et al, 2021). We subtracted climatology mean monthly average precipitation, and monthly average daily maximum or minimum temperature values of rainfed soybean, averaged from 2003 to 2017 from that of irrigated soybean.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of irrigation-climate interactions on irrigated soybean yields in the US Arkansas Delta from 2003 to 2017

Connolly

et al. 2023

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Irrigation has been widely implemented across the globe as a mitigation strategy to combat climate change and erratic rainfall. Irrigation in the confined geographic region like the Arkansas Delta of the US has likely affected heat and moisture fluxes at the land surface with possible effects on regional climate conditions. Irrigation unquestionably benefits crop yields with direct water supplies. However, the effect of irrigation-climate interactions on Arkansas Delta crop yields remains unclear. In this study, we applied multiple satellite and climatic datasets to assess the influence of soybean irrigation in the US Arkansas Delta on the regional climate from 2003 to 2017 and how the resultant climate variability has affected soybean yields. Our findings show that soybean irrigation in the Arkansas Delta leads to statistically insignificant precipitation change and significant daytime and night time cooling during the growing season from June to August over the period of 2003–2017. Using a statistical crop yield model, we further demonstrate that such surface temperature cooling due to irrigation could enhance soybean yields as much as ∼1.13 ([Formula: see text] 0.87) bu/acre, accounting for 7.78% of total soybean yields gain due to irrigation. Our results highlight the important positive effects of irrigation-climate interactions on soybean yields, which may be more important in the Arkansas Delta, given the depletion of groundwater that farmers relied on most for irrigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of irrigation-climate interactions on irrigated soybean yields in the US Arkansas Delta from 2003 to 2017

Connolly

et al. 2023

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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“…Unintentional wildfire ignitions, however, may also have been affected. Visits to state and national parks across the northwestern United States were positively correlated with county-level COVID-19 case numbers before the peak 2020 wildfire season, suggesting people looked to parks for temporary relief from restrictions on other common social activities (Yang et al 2021). More park visitors, and possibly a larger proportion of visitors with little outdoor experience, could have led to a greater number of unextinguished or unattended campfires, and therefore a higher probability of wildfire, although any connection is still speculative.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Wildfirementioning

confidence: 99%

Sixth Oregon climate assessment

Fleishman¹

2023

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Consistent with its charge under Oregon House Bill 3543, the Oregon Climate Change Research Institute (OCCRI) conducts a biennial assessment of the state of climate change science, including biological, physical, and social science, as it relates to Oregon and the likely effects of climate change on Oregon. This sixth Oregon Climate Assessment builds on the previous assessments by continuing to evaluate past and projected future changes in Oregon’s climate and water supply. Like the fifth assessment, it is structured with the goal of supporting the state’s mitigation planning for natural hazards and implementation of the 2021 Oregon Climate Change Adaptation Framework.

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“…For the effects of wildfires, we included distance to the closest wildfire events, wildfire densities, the average daily maximum smoke level, and toxic gases. Distance to the closest wildfires and wildfire densities were computed by using "Euclidean Distance" and "Kernel Density" tools, respectively, in ArcGIS Pro 2.9 (ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA) based on the wildfire location data [33]. The wildfire location data were obtained from the National Interagency Fire Center and screened for the wildfire events that lasted over a week between August and October 2020.…”

Section: Earth Observation Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We considered land cover types (2019 National Land Cover Dataset; NLCD) and tree canopy coverage, accessed via GEE, to account for habitat selection of different species. We reclassified NLCD into shrub, forest, developed, grass, agriculture, and water land cover types, following [14,33]. Since the Common Murre spend most of their time in the water, we also included ocean temperature within a 100-km buffer to consider the ocean temperature in their potential habitat range [39].…”

Section: Earth Observation Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging Machine Learning and Geo-Tagged Citizen Science Data to Disentangle the Factors of Avian Mortality Events at the Species Level

et al. 2022

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Abrupt environmental changes can affect the population structures of living species and cause habitat loss and fragmentations in the ecosystem. During August–October 2020, remarkably high mortality events of avian species were reported across the western and central United States, likely resulting from winter storms and wildfires. However, the differences of mortality events among various species responding to the abrupt environmental changes remain poorly understood. In this study, we focused on three species, Wilson’s Warbler, Barn Owl, and Common Murre, with the highest mortality events that had been recorded by citizen scientists. We leveraged the citizen science data and multiple remotely sensed earth observations and employed the ensemble random forest models to disentangle the species responses to winter storm and wildfire. We found that the mortality events of Wilson’s Warbler were primarily impacted by early winter storms, with more deaths identified in areas with a higher average daily snow cover. The Barn Owl’s mortalities were more identified in places with severe wildfire-induced air pollution. Both winter storms and wildfire had relatively mild effects on the mortality of Common Murre, which might be more related to anomalously warm water. Our findings highlight the species-specific responses to environmental changes, which can provide significant insights into the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change and avian conservations. Additionally, the study emphasized the efficiency and effectiveness of monitoring large-scale abrupt environmental changes and conservation using remotely sensed and citizen science data.

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Human Mobility to Parks Under the COVID‐19 Pandemic and Wildfire Seasons in the Western and Central United States

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Impacts of irrigation-climate interactions on irrigated soybean yields in the US Arkansas Delta from 2003 to 2017

Impacts of irrigation-climate interactions on irrigated soybean yields in the US Arkansas Delta from 2003 to 2017

Sixth Oregon climate assessment

Leveraging Machine Learning and Geo-Tagged Citizen Science Data to Disentangle the Factors of Avian Mortality Events at the Species Level

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