Human monocyte response to retrieved polymethylmethacrylate particles

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare retrieved polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles from failed total hip arthroplasties in terms of size, shape, and the response of human monocytes with commercially available particles. PMMA particles were isolated from peri-implant tissues of five failed cemented total hip arthroplasties using tissue digestion and a sucrose density gradient technique. Prepolymerized cement powder and those from which barium sulfate had been removed were examined for comparison. After exposure of peripheral human monocytes to PMMA particles, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in medium were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Image analysis revealed that retrieved particles were larger (retrieved: 1.24 microm; prepolymerized cement powder: 0.83 microm; barium sulfate-free powder: 0.87 microm) and were more irregular in shape and rougher than commercially available particles. Cytokine release was increased by all PMMA particle species. However, commercially available PMMA particles stimulated the release of necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 more strongly than did retrieved particles at very high doses. The observed difference in monocyte response might be due to the volume of the challenged particles. Another possible reason for the difference might be alteration of the surface chemistry of particles in situ and the difference in surface morphology between them.

Biodegradability of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) in the presence of the J774.2 macrophage cell line

“…Moreover, these results suggested that activated macrophages did not produce soluble mediators capable to activate other macrophages at distance. Miyaguchi et al have found that macrophages, in response to poly (methylmethacrylate) debris, were activated and released cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-a [15]. These soluble factors are known to activate other cell types participating in the inflammatory response and also promote osteoclastogenesis.…”

“…Macrophages mediate inflammation by the secretion of inflammatory mediators, such as coagulation factors, lysosomal enzymes (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-TRAcP, alpha naphthyl acetate esterase-ANAE, etc. ), cytokines (IL-6, TNF-a), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and growth factors [15,16]. Macrophages are responsible of the elimination of foreign bodies in the organism; they can fuse to form multinucleated giant cells, and monotype/macrophages derive from the same haematopoietic stem all (CFU-GM) (see reviews in [17,18]).…”

Orthopaedic Prostheses

“…It is found however that bone cement debris causes less stimulation of the immune system than do artificially generated PMMA particles [Miyaguchi et al, 2002]. PMMA particles are found to generate an immune response in mice but the nature of the response is not the same as other polymers [Tomazic-Jezic et al, 2001].…”

Tremores intra e pós-operatório: prevenção e tratamento farmacológico

“…O trabalho confirmou o resultado anterior 21 de que o procedimento cirúrgico ortopédico (particularmente endoprótese) usando cimento ósseo foi um fator de risco independente para tremor. Uma explicação possível para isso seria a liberação de citocinas (como fator de necrose tissular-alfa e interleucina-6) estimulada pelo cimento ósseo polimetilmetacrilato 40 . A intervenção cirúrgica de longa duração foi associada à maior freqüência de tremor.…”

“…The study confirmed a previous work 21 that showed that orthopedic surgeries (especially endoprosthesis) using bone cement was an independent risk factor for the development of tremors. A possible explanation would be the release of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) stimulated by the bone cement polymethylmethacrylate 40 . Prolonged surgeries were associated with a higher incidence of tremors.…”