Human Oral Mucosa and Gingiva

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of progenitor cells with self-renewal and multipotent differentiation potential. Aside from their regenerative role, extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that MSCs are capable of potent immunomodulatory effects on a variety of innate and adaptive immune cells. In this article, we will review recent experimental studies on the characterization of a unique population of MSCs derived from human oral mucosa and gingiva, especially their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions and their application in the treatment of several in vivo models of inflammatory diseases. The ease of isolation, accessible tissue source, and rapid ex vivo expansion, with maintenance of stable stem-celllike phenotypes, render oral mucosa-and gingivaderived MSCs a promising alternative cell source for MSC-based therapies.

Dental Stem Cell-Derived Secretome/Conditioned Medium: The Future for Regenerative Therapeutic Applications

“…Gingival MSCs are a subpopulation of MSCs that could be isolated from the lamina propria of gingival connective tissues [49,159,160], with remarkable regenerative properties [161,162]. Compared to other MSCs, gingival MSCs are abundant, homogenous, and easily obtainable with faster proliferation rate [48].…”

Comparison of periodontal ligament and gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative therapies

“…Cell numbers were determined by triplicate counting using a Casy® TTC cell counter. For all samples, the data is shown as mean ± SD (*p < 0.05) dental pulp [11,12], or from less specialized intra-oral connective tissue compartments, such as the gingiva [13,15,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Surgical Approaches Based on Biological Objectives: GTR versus GBR Techniques

“…Recently, gingival stem cells suitable for periodontal and bone regeneration were isolated from gingival connective tissue [39, 40], and different GBR papers have suggested a possible role of periosteal cells and gingival stem cells in wound healing [41–43]. According to these studies, an occlusive membrane may not be the best choice as compared to porous membranes.…”