Human papilloma virus vaccination induces strong human papilloma virus specific cell-mediated immune responses in HIV-infected adolescents and young adults

Abstract

The ability of a quadrivalent human papilloma virus (HPV)-16/18/6/11 virus-like particles vaccine (Gardasil) to elicit HPV-specific cell-mediated immune responses was evaluated in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated HIV-infected young adults. Results showed that, after three doses of vaccine, central memory and effector memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes, as well as HPV-specific interleukin (IL)2(+)/CD4(+), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ(+))/CD4(+), IFN-γ(+)/CD8(+) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)(+)/CD8(+) T lymphocytes and Perforin and Granzyme B secreting CD8(+) T lymphocytes were significantly increased. Notably, results obtained in HIV-infected patients were comparable to those seen in HIV-uninfected age-matched healthy controls.

Consensus statements on vaccination in patients with haemophilia—Results from the Italian haemophilia and vaccinations (HEVA) project

“…However, vaccination in the general HIV‐positive population is considered safe. Early studies reported transient increases in plasma viral load following vaccination in HIV‐positive patients; more recent studies did not confirm these results . International guidelines consistently recommend vaccination of HIV‐positive individuals using inactivated vaccines.…”

“…Early studies reported transient increases in plasma viral load following vaccination in HIV-positive patients 26,27 ; more recent studies did not confirm these results. [28][29][30][31][32] International guidelines consistently recommend vaccination of HIV- Atopic patients 3.5 The use of hyposensitizing therapy administered by the subcutaneous or intradermal route is not contraindicated in atopic patients with haemophilia (92% consensus).…”

British HIV Association Guidelines on the Use of Vaccines in HIV‐Positive Adults 2015

“…In studies that have most commonly employed 4vHPV, vaccination has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in HIV‐positive children ; females aged 16–23 years , 18–25 years , or 13–45 years ; males aged 22–61 years ; and males and females aged 13–27 years . Cervarix and Gardasil have also been compared in older HIV‐positive people .…”

Eurogin Roadmap 2015: How has HPV knowledge changed our practice: Vaccines

“…However, two dose schedules are not recommended for those with immune compromising conditions. Recent trials indicate that HPV vaccines are safe and immunogenic in those with HIV using a three dose schedule …”

“…Recent trials indicate that HPV vaccines are safe and immunogenic in those with HIV using a three dose schedule. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Clinical trials have now established the safety, efficacy and immunogenicity of a three dose schedule of a nonavalent HPV vaccine, whose composition is based on the VLP and vaccine production methods underpinning the quadrivalent vaccine with higher HPV16/18/6 VLP concentrations, more adjuvant and inclusion of the next five most commonly detected oncogenic HPV types in cervical cancers (types 31,33,45,52,58). [38][39][40] For ethical reasons, the control group in the vaccine trial was given the quadrivalent vaccine rather than a placebo.…”