Human rotavirus antigen detection by enzyme-immunoassay with antisera against Nebraska calf diarrhoea virus.

Sarkkinen, Hannu

doi:10.1136/jcp.34.6.680

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The NCDV antigen‐based antibody detection using radioimmunoassay has excellent sensitivity and specificity [9]. When the NCDV antigen detection test was compared with human rotavirus EIA and human rotavirus RIA in 98 rotavirus negative and 118 rotavirus positive stools samples of children, the NCDV antigen detection test was practically as sensitive and specific for rotavirus infection as the human rotavirus EIA [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infections and development of diabetes-associated autoantibodies during the first 2 years of life

Blomqvist¹,

Juhela²,

Erkkilä

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY Rotavirus, the most common cause of childhood gastroenteritis, has been implicated as one of the viral triggers of diabetes‐associated autoimmunity. To study the possible association between rotavirus infections and the development of diabetes‐associated autoantibodies, we measured the prevalence of rotavirus antibodies in serum samples collected at 3–6‐month intervals up to the age of 2 years from 177 children selected from consecutive newborns because they carried HLA‐DQB1 alleles associated with increased risk for type 1 diabetes. Twenty‐nine of the children developed at least two of four diabetes‐associated autoantibodies (ICA, IAA, GADA or IA‐2A) during the first 2 years of life (the cases), whereas 148 children remained autoantibody‐negative matched with the cases for date of birth, gender, living region and HLA‐DQB1 alleles. The temporal association between the development of the first‐appearing diabetes‐associated autoantibody and rotavirus infections was studied by analysing whether the cases had a diagnostic increase in rotavirus antibody titre more often during the 6‐month period that preceded seroconversion to autoantibody positivity than the controls. By the age of 12 months one of the 13 case children (7%), who had a serum sample drawn at that age and who had developed at least one type of diabetes‐associated autoantibodies, had experienced a rotavirus infection, while 12 of the 61 (20%) autoantibody‐negative control children had had a rotavirus infection. By 18 months, four of the 22 autoantibody‐positive cases (18%) and 18 of the 89 controls (20%) had rotavirus antibodies, and by the age of 24 months the respective numbers were five of the 27 cases (19%) and 32 of the 113 (28%) controls. A rotavirus infection occurred during the 6 months preceding the sample which was positive for an autoantibody in four of the 25 periods (16%) for which both necessary samples were available, while the controls had a rotavirus infection during 55 of the 370‐such periods (15%). Accordingly, our data suggest that rotavirus infections are unlikely triggers of beta‐cell autoimmunity in young children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infections and development of diabetes-associated autoantibodies during the first 2 years of life

Blomqvist¹,

Juhela²,

Erkkilä

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Rapid diagnosis of viral infections by antigen detection is based on the fact that viral antigens are excreted in body fluids and are detectable by various methods. Latex agglutination is but one of the techniques now available [Birch et al, 1979;Grauballe et al, 1977;Harris et al, 1979;Matsuno and Nagayoshi, 1978;Provonost et al, 1981;Sanekata et al, 1979;Sarkkinen et al, 1979;Sarkkinen, 1981;Zissis et al, 1978;Yolken and Stopa, 1979a;Yolken et al, 19801 but has some advantages. It is extremely rapid, does not require any complicated machinery, and can be performed outside a microbiological laboratory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of rotavirus in stool by latex agglutination: Comparison with radioimmunoassay and electron microscopy and clinical evaluation of the test

et al. 1983

Journal of Medical Virology

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A latex agglutination test (LX) using antisera prepared against Nebraska calf diarrhea virus (NCDV) is described for the detection of rotavirus in stool of children with acute gastroenteritis. The test was compared with electron microscopy (EM) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) with 100 stools positive or negative for rotavirus. Out of 53 stools positive in RIA or EM, 49 were positive in LX and 4 were negative. Two specimens negative in EM and RIA were falsely positive in LX. The method was also tested in two clinical series with 115 stools from 101 children. Altogether 67/115 stools were positive in RIA, and 62/115 in LX. Out of 7 stools with contradictory results, 6 were negative in LX but positive in RIA, and 1 was positive in LX but negative in RIA. The results indicate that the LX is suitable for rapid screening of rotavirus gastroenteritis in clinical practice.

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“…In some EIAs, however, the detector antibody is not conjugated to an enzyme. In these instances, a third, "anti-antibody" or indicator antibody which is enzyme conjugated is added (144,167,318,421). Often the third antibody has been used to obtain a more sensitive test or it has been used for typing.…”

Section: Laboratory Methods and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human viral gastroenteritis.

Christensen¹

1989

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

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CHRISTENSEN propagated by using special cell types or techniques or both (320, 353, 372). In addition, a variety of in vitro detection systems, including enzyme immunoassays (149, 175, 333, 408), radioimmunoassays (137, 141, 181, 264), latex agglutination (140, 169), and nucleic acid hybridization techniques (116, 175), have been developed for their rapid detection. The detection and identification of these agents are important since viral gastroenteritis is the second most common clinical entity in developed countries, second only to viral upper respiratory tract illness (188). Worldwide, acute gastroenteritis and its associated dehydration afflicts almost 500 million children annually. In underdeveloped or developing countries, acute gastroenteritis, including viral gastroenteritis, is the leading cause of death of children under the age of 4 years (360). Since 1980, a wealth of literature has developed covering many aspects of these viruses and the infections they cause, including their molecular biology, epidemiology, immunology, and clinical features. In addition, detection tests for routine use have been developed for rotaviruses (310) and fecal adenoviruses (333) and experimental rotavirus vaccines have been developed (184, 377, 379, 380). Of these viruses, rotaviruses are the most common known cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, with the fastidious fecal adenoviruses most likely being the second most common cause in this age group (301, 369). Calici-, astro-, and coronaviruses are probably responsible for a minority of illness in the young age group (253, 302). In contrast, the Norwalk and Norwalk-like viruses have caused considerable numbers of outbreaks of gastroenteritis among older children, adolescents, and adults (136, 137, 189). ROTAVIRUSES Epidemiology Rotaviruses were first discovered in humans 15 years ago by Bishop et al. (18, 19) by the EM examination of duodenal

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Human rotavirus antigen detection by enzyme-immunoassay with antisera against Nebraska calf diarrhoea virus.

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Rotavirus infections and development of diabetes-associated autoantibodies during the first 2 years of life

Rotavirus infections and development of diabetes-associated autoantibodies during the first 2 years of life

Rapid detection of rotavirus in stool by latex agglutination: Comparison with radioimmunoassay and electron microscopy and clinical evaluation of the test

Human viral gastroenteritis.

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