Humoral immune response following prime and boost BNT162b2 vaccination in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy

Jedicke, Nils; Stankov, Metodi V.; Cossmann, Anne; Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra; Knuth, Christine; Ahrenstorf, Gerrit; Ramos, Gema Morillas; Behrens, Georg M. N.

doi:10.1111/hiv.13202

Cited by 53 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…All the medians’ CD4 count was≥ 200 cells/µl (Supplementary material: Table 1). Sixteen studies reported the HIV viral load, among them, six studies included PLWH with viral load < 50 copies/ml [16, 45, 49, 51, 53, 54] and nine other studies included PLWH with viral load 58.1 to 95% suppressed [44, 46, 52, 55, 56, 58, 60, 61, 63, 65] ( Supplementary material: Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selected articles reported data from United States of America (n = 4) [48–50, 55], China (n=5) [52, 54, 59, 61, 64], South Africa (n = 3) [45, 46, 57], United Kingdom (n = 2) [16, 53], Canada (n=2) [ 47, 51], Italia (n=1) [58], Brazil (n =1) [56], Germany (n =1) [60], Israel (n = 1) [44], Sweden (n=1) [64], Taiwan (n=1) [65] and Russia (n = 1) [62] ( Figure 2 ). Ten studies used randomized control designs [16, 45, 46, 49, 50, 53, 54, 64, 64, 65], eight studies used prospective cohort designs [44, 47, 48, 51, 52, 56–58], two retrospective cohort studies [62, 63], two cross sectional studies [59, 61] and one case control study [55] ( Supplementary material: Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies used randomized control designs [16, 45, 46, 49, 50, 53, 54, 64, 64, 65], eight studies used prospective cohort designs [44, 47, 48, 51, 52, 56–58], two retrospective cohort studies [62, 63], two cross sectional studies [59, 61] and one case control study [55] ( Supplementary material: Table 1 ). Eleven studies included mRNA vaccines among which BNT162b2 mRNA, Vaccine, mRNA-1273 (100 g) administered intramuscularly (IM) as a series of two doses (0.5 μmL each), given 28 days apart [44, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53, 55, 58, 60, 63, 64], six studies included inactivated vaccines μg/0.5 mL) or Sinovac (0.5 μml) given intramuscularly [52, 54, 56, 59, 61, 64], seven studies included viral vector vaccines among which ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 with two doses (5 × 1010 vp) was given 4-6 weeks apart, Ad26.COV2.S [16, 45, 49, 51, 57, 62, 63] and two study included sub unit g (sub unit) of recombinant spike protein with 50μg of Matrix-M1 adjuvant) administered two intramuscular injections, 21 days apart and two standard doses of 15 mcg MVC-COV1901, administered 28 days apart via IM injection [46, 65] ( Supplementary material: Table 1 )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the risk of bias of non-randomized studies, sixteen studies were assessed with the ROBIN-I bias tool assessment [26]. Among them, seven were rated as low-moderate for the overall ROBIN-I [44, 51, 52, 55, 57, 58, 60], four studies were low–serious [53, 54, 56, 62], one study was moderate-serious [61], another study was Serious–Critical [48] and two studies were critical [47, 59] ( Supplementary material: Table 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 5 reported IgG antibodies level after the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The pooled result including eight studies [44, 45, 51–54, 56, 60] has shown that the mean difference (MD) IgG antibody level (BAU/ml) did not differ between 643 PLWH and 762 HIV negatives after the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines MD-0.02 (95%CI: -0.09- 0.05, P = 0.58). The test of heterogeneity between studies was high (I 2 = 83%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccines safety, tolerability, and efficacy among HIV-infected patients

Tamuzi

Muyaya

Mitra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective To conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of all recommended SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) vaccines in people living with HIV (PLWH), as well as an overview of the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the vaccines in PLWH. Methods We searched six databases, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Medline, Medrxiv, Global research on COVID-19 database, and Google Scholar for studies investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on PLWH. Results of the association were summarised by SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroconversion and level, vaccines efficacy and tolerability. A meta-analysis was performed for studies, using random-effects model and a pooled RR with 95% CI was reported. Results Twenty-three of the 1052 studies screened met the inclusion criteria. The review included 28, 246 participants among whom 79.55% (22,469/28, 246) were PLWH with median CD4 >=200 cells/mm3. The pooled estimate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroconversion and positive neutralizing antibodies after the second vaccination dose between PLWH vs HIV negative were RR 0.95 (95%CI: 0.92 to 0.99, P = 0.006) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.82 to 0.95, P = 0.0007), respectively. The mean difference of IgG antibodies level (BAU/ml) was found higher in mRNA vaccines MD -1444.97 (95%CI: -1871.39 to -1018.55). PLWH with CD4 less than 500 cells/mm3 had 15% risk reduction of neutralizing antibodies response compared to those with CD4>=500 cells/mm3 (P = 0.003). The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness was 65% (95%CI: 56% to 72%, P <0.001) among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated PLWH. PLWH with CD4 count <350 cells/mm3 had lower vaccine effectiveness compared to CD4 count >=350 cells/mm3 with 59% vs 72%, respectively. Vaccine tolerability was the same between PLWH and HIV negatives. Conclusion According to our findings, PLWH with CD4>=200 cells/mm3 had lower immunogenicity and antigenicity in COVID-19 vaccines than HIV negatives. Additional doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are needful in PLWH.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccines safety, tolerability, and efficacy among HIV-infected patients

Tamuzi

Muyaya

Mitra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Immunogenicity and safety of the BNT162b2 COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine in PLWH: A monocentric study in Bari, Italy

Milano

Ricciardi

Casciaro

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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In March, people living with HIV infection (PLWH) were included in the risk category of fragile people for severe COVID‐19 receiving priority access to vaccination with BNT162b2 vaccine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the two doses regimen. The antibodies titer for severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) was evaluated after 21 days since the first administration (Time 1), 1 (Time 2), and 3 (Time 3) months post‐vaccination. Information regarding virological and immunological conditions at baseline, previous SARS‐CoV‐2 state of infection, other immunodeficiencies, current antiretroviral therapy (ART), comorbidities, and severe adverse events (SAE) to vaccination was collected. Six hundred and ninety‐seven patients were tested for quantitative anti‐spike antibodies at Time 1, 577 patients had a second detection at Time 2, and 491 patients had the third detection. Baseline characteristics of the study population are reported in Table 1. At the time of vaccine administration, all patients were on ART (except one long‐term nonprogressor); 632 (90.7%) patients had undetectable HIV‐RNA; 12 (1.7%) patients were immunosuppressed due to chemotherapy or other immunosuppressive drugs; 345 (49.5%) patients had at least one COVID‐19 related comorbidity and 155 (22.2%) had two or more comorbidities. No SAEs were reported. Final serological results are available for 694 patients after the first dose, 577 and 491 after the second and third ones, respectively; positive titer (values ≥ 50 AU/ml) was demonstrated in 653 (94.1%), 576 (99.8%), 484 (98.6%) patients, respectively. Only one patient was a nonresponder after completing vaccination, who was a newly diagnosed one for HIV infection. All vaccinations were well tolerated, with no SAEs. BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was immunogenic and safe in PLWH.

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Humoral immune response to two doses of COVID‐19 mRNA‐based vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Farhadian

Sharifi

Taghadosi

et al. 2023

Reviews in Medical Virology

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People living with HIV (PLWH) are susceptible to severe COVID‐19 infection and hence this fragile population has prioritised vaccination. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the humoral immune response after receiving two doses schedule of COVID‐19 mRNA vaccinations in this high‐risk population. A systematic electronic search on the PubMed database and manual searches were performed for relevant articles until 30 Sep 2022. Two outcomes of interest were seroconversion rates and anti‐spike receptor binding domain (anti‐S‐RBD) antibody titres at the median time of 14–35 days following two‐dose vaccination among PLWH. Nineteen cohorts and one cross‐sectional study were eligible for inclusion in this study. The pooled estimate of seroconversion rate after receiving two doses of mRNA vaccination schedule were 98.4% and 75.2% among PLWH with CD4>500 cells/mm3 and CD4<200 cells/mm3, respectively. Compared with controls, PLWH with CD4>500 cells/mm3 had a 51% likelihood of having positive anti‐Spike‐RBD immunoglobulin G (IgG) (OR: 0.509, 95% CI: 0.228, 1.133, p = 0.098) post‐vaccination and this value was only 1.4% (OR: 0.014, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.078, p = 0.000) for PLWH with CD4<200 cells/mm3. There was no significant difference in titres of antibodies on 14–35 days post‐vaccination between PLWH with CD4>500 cells/mm3 and healthy controls (p = 0.06). The pooled median of anti‐S‐RBD IgG values were 1461.93 binding antibody units (BAU)/ml and 457.41 BAU/ml in PLWH with CD4>500 cells/mm3 and CD4<200 cells/mm3, respectively. According to these findings, vaccination with both Pfizer‐BioNTech and Moderna vaccines induced a robust humoral response in ART‐treated HIV patients with preserved CD4 cell count. A diminished humoral immune response to vaccination against COVID‐19 in PLWH with unrestored CD4 count implied the need of specific vaccination schemes.

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Humoral immune response following prime and boost BNT162b2 vaccination in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccines safety, tolerability, and efficacy among HIV-infected patients

Systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccines safety, tolerability, and efficacy among HIV-infected patients

Immunogenicity and safety of the BNT162b2 COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine in PLWH: A monocentric study in Bari, Italy

Humoral immune response to two doses of COVID‐19 mRNA‐based vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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