Hungarian adaptation and psychological correlates of Source of Enjoyment in Youth Sport Questionnaire among high school students

Abstract

Several studies have reported a decreasing tendency of engagement in physical activity during adolescence. Since previous research suggests that enjoyment could be a key predictor of sport participation, the aim of this study was to validate the Source of Enjoyment in Youth Sport Questionnaire (SEYSQ) and to investigate the relationship between sport enjoyment and different psychological correlates such as future orientation, satisfaction with life and future life aspirations. First, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis which revealed six factors of sport enjoyment and the construct validity of the scale showed an acceptable fit. Second, we used confirmatory factor analyses to test the factor structure of the previous result on the Wiersma's (2001) theoretical model. The six-factor model contained factors resulting from the exploratory factor analysis. Subsequently, we tested for associations between these SEYSQ factors and the psychological correlates. Extrinsic aspirations were positively associated with the following forms of sport enjoyment: competitive excitement, affiliation with peers, energy expenditure, other-referenced competency and recognition; whereas intrinsic aspirations were associated with the first three psychological correlates and positive parental involvement. Additionally, being future-oriented was positively related to energy expenditure and positive parental involvement, as well as to self-referenced competency. Nearly all sources of sport enjoyment were important contributors to life satisfaction. The role of gender in relation to the sport enjoyment factors suggested that for girls, competition seemed less important, whereas parental support served as a resource. Findings provide useful information in developing strategies that strengthen adolescents' involvement in sport activities.

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“…There were no significant differences in total SEYSQ score between the youngest grade (6 th grade; mean age=11.8; standard deviation ± 0.5 years) and oldest grade (8 th grade; mean age=13.6; standard deviation ± 0.5 years) of athletes who participated in this study. Previous studies have suggested that sport engagement and enjoyment decrease as age increases among youth athletes (McCarthy et al 2008, Berki andPiko 2017). However, the current study showed no significant difference between younger and older participants in terms of enjoyment.…”

“…The Sources of Enjoyment in Youth Sport Questionnaire (SEYSQ) (Wiersma 2001) is a 28-item survey that quantifies sport enjoyment by, among other things, measuring the level of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (Figure 1). Using the SEYSQ for data acquisition 526 adolescents, Ages 14-18, participated in a study conducted by Berki and Piko (2017). Their study"s research indicates that "there are important differences according to age and gender in the sources of sport enjoyment" (Berki and Piko 2017, p. 230).…”

A meta-analysis of the dark side of the American dream: Evidence for the universal wellness costs of prioritizing extrinsic over intrinsic goals.

“…Claims about the benefits of intrinsic aspiring and costs of extrinsic aspiring have received support across a wide variety of countries and cultures (Andronikos et al, 2021; Bradshaw et al, 2021; Unanue et al, 2014), age groups (Berki & Piko, 2017; Mackenzie et al, 2018), socioeconomic statuses (Stevens et al, 2011; Tuicomepee & Romano, 2005; Wasser, 2011), and special interest groups such as problem drinkers and prison inmates (Bradshaw et al, 2018; Kasser & Ahuvia, 2002). Yet, there have been exceptions.…”

The Father in Youth Baseball: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

“…Fathers responded on a Likert scale ranging from 1 ("not important at all"), 3 ("moderately important"), to 7 ("very important"). The reliability of this instrument has been shown by previous studies, reporting Cronbach's alpha coefficients between 0.80 and 0.96 for intrinsic aspirations and 0.71 and 0.92 for extrinsic aspirations [28,[32][33][34].…”