Hurricane wind-driven surface waves on a narrow continental shelf and exposed coast

Manchia, Chiara M.; Mulligan, Ryan P.

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2022.104681

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The measured wave heights along Harvey's trajectory were of similar magnitude to those observed during hurricanes Sandy [31] and Florence [7] along the East Coast of the US. As the hurricane translated, the maximum waves were typically in the right-front quadrant [6].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…An atmospheric warming of 2 • C is expected to cause a 5% increase in hurricane wind strength, leading to a 13% increase in the number of category 4-5 storms [4,5]. Tropical cyclones, including hurricanes, bring intense winds that generate strong ocean surface circulation and large surface waves [6], and the wave fields will depend on the hurricane's path relative to the shelf orientation [7]. For example, in 2005, Hurricane Katrina generated waves of up to 16 m and storm surges of nearly 9 m along the Mississippi coastline [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Romero-Arteaga

Alegría-Arzaburu

Esquivel–Trava

2022

JMSE

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Extreme weather events such as hurricanes are expected to become more severe with the human-induced increase in average global temperatures, exacerbating the risk of major damage. Efforts to predict these events typically require detailed hydrodynamic data that are difficult to collect in the field. Here, nearshore data collected with three ADCP moorings were used to describe the hydrodynamics induced by Hurricane Harvey along the southern Texas coast. Wave spectra and nearshore current variations were analyzed along the hurricane’s trajectory and compared to other offshore locations. The results indicate that winds intensified along the coast as Harvey approached the Port Aransas coastline. Southerly wind stresses of ~ −0.9 Nm−2 generated ~2 ms−1 depth-averaged flows towards the southwest close to landfall in the north, while flows of ~1 ms−1 and <1 ms−1 were measured in the center and the south of the study site, respectively. The hydrodynamics induced by the hurricane were compared to those induced by an intense synoptic-scale cold front (CF). Both events generated southward-directed alongshore wind stresses of similar magnitudes ( ~ − 0.4 Nm−2) that caused similar depth-averaged flows (0.5 to 0.7 ms−1) and wave energy conditions (Hs of ~ 4 m) in the south. Harvey caused extremely energetic conditions close to landfall in the north compared to the CF; depth-averaged flows and Hs of 2 ms−1 and 10 m were induced by Harvey, as opposed to 0.6 ms−1 and 4 m by the CF, respectively. While intense currents (>1 ms−1) and waves (Hs > 4 m) lasted for less than a day during Harvey, these persisted a few days longer during the CF. This study highlights the relevant role of synoptic-scale cold fronts in modulating the nearshore hydrodynamics, which occur more frequently than tropical cyclones in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Romero-Arteaga

Alegría-Arzaburu

Esquivel–Trava

2022

JMSE

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“…

Tropical cyclones, or hurricanes, can have destructive impacts to infrastructure and drive long-lasting morphological changes to coastal landscapes, recreational areas, and vulnerable ecosystems (Collins et al, 2019). Intense cyclonic storms have different wind directions around the eye of the storm, and thus impacts on coastal regions are highly variable and depend on where the storms make landfall (Manchia & Mulligan, 2022). As these storms propagate, the forward-moving velocity of the storm generates wind field asymmetry, causing some regions to have significantly stronger wind speeds (Bilskie et al, 2022).

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and Remote Storm Surge Contributions to Total Water Levels in the Gulf of St. Lawrence During Hurricane Fiona

et al. 2023

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Post‐tropical Hurricane Fiona generated a large storm surge that resulted in pronounced flooding and coastal erosion in Atlantic Canada in September 2022. In this study we apply a regional barotropic storm surge model in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, a semi‐enclosed sea, to demonstrate a method of evaluating different contributions to the total water levels. These include the surge generated over the ocean, the surge generated by the cyclonic winds over the gulf, and the tides. The results indicate that the highest storm surge occurred in the southeastern region, a combination of locally and remotely generated components. The surge that entered from the ocean was greater than the surge generated over the gulf; however, these were not in phase. To investigate the case where the local and remote surges are coincident, we shift the wind field relative to the timing of the boundary conditions and find the near “perfect storm” with significantly higher storm surge elevations. These findings highlight the importance of basin morphology and storm conditions in controlling the interactions of surge components, and this approach can be applied to simulate a range of storm‐driven hazard outcomes for future extreme events.

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Coastal Response to the Landfall of a Hurricane on a Series of Inlets and Narrow Back-Barrier Waterways

Manchia¹,

Mulligan²,

Mallinson³

et al. 2023

Estuaries and Coasts

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Hurricane wind-driven surface waves on a narrow continental shelf and exposed coast

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Local and Remote Storm Surge Contributions to Total Water Levels in the Gulf of St. Lawrence During Hurricane Fiona

Coastal Response to the Landfall of a Hurricane on a Series of Inlets and Narrow Back-Barrier Waterways

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