HVDC System: a Need for Future Power Transmission

Abstract

The continuously increasing demand for electric power and the economic access to remote renewable energy sources such as off-shore wind power or solar thermal generation in deserts have revived the interest in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) multiterminal systems (networks). A lot of work was done in this area, especially in the 1980s, but only two three-terminal systems were realized. Since then, HVDC technology has advanced considerably and, despite numerous technical challenges, the realization of large-scale HVDC networks is now seriously discussed and considered. For the acceptance and reliability of these networks, the availability of HVDC circuit breakers (CBs) will be critical, making them one of the key enabling technologies. Numerous ideas for HVDC breaker schemes have been published and patented, but no acceptable solution has been found to interrupt HVDC short-circuit currents. This paper aims to summarize the literature, especially that of the last two decades, on technology areas that are relevant to HVDC breakers. By comparing the mainly 20+ years old, state-of-the art HVDC CBs to the new HVDC technology, existing discrepancies become evident. Areas where additional research and development are needed are identified and proposed. for the couple of well-known applications are discussed.

Artificial Intelligence-based Control Techniques for HVDC Systems

“…Also, Li et al [62] and Wang et al [63] illustrated how to identify faults on transmission lines in the VSC-HVDC grid, as well as how to develop mathematical models for the steady-state transient stability of devices. Parizzi et al [64] and Liaqat [65] provided an overview of power quality problems, issues related to international standards, and how power influences the HVDC transmission system.…”