Hyalohyphomycosis byPaecilomyces lilacinusin a renal transplant patient and a review of humanPaecilomycesspecies infections

Castro, Luiz Guilherme Martins; Salebian, A; Sotto, Mírian Nacagami

doi:10.1080/02681219080000031

Cited by 103 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The MIC 90 was 0.125 g/ml for both species. This is very interesting, especially in the case of P. lilacinus, an emerging opportunistic fungus which in recent years has caused larger numbers of infections in humans ranging in severity from nail infections to fatal endocarditis (4,6,10,19). Until now this fungus has always been resistant to the available antifungals.…”

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confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antifungal Activities of the New Triazole UR-9825 against Clinically Important Filamentous Fungi

Capilla

Ortoneda

Pastor

et al. 2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We used a modified reference microdilution method (the M-38P method) to evaluate the in vitro activities of the new triazole UR-9825 in comparison with those of amphotericin B against 77 strains of opportunistic filamentous fungi. UR-9825 was clearly more active than amphotericin B against all fungi except Fusarium solani and Scytalidium spp. Notably, UR-9825 had low MICs for Aspergillus fumigatus and Paecilomyces lilacinus (MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited, 0.125 g/ml for both species).The incidence of opportunistic infections caused by molds is continuously increasing, and such infections can be severe and difficult to treat, especially in immunocompromised patients. Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapies and hematological malignancies, among others, are important risk factors for such infections (6,12,18). Nowadays, the options for treatment of opportunistic infections are still led by amphotericin B and, to a lesser extent, a few azole derivatives, which frequently fail. For this reason the development of new potent and broadspectrum antifungal agents is an important challenge for modern medicine. UR-9825 is a new triazole with a potent, broad spectrum of antifungal activity, good pharmacokinetics, and excellent bioavailability ( In the study described here we have compared the in vitro activities of this compound and those of amphotericin B against 77 clinically important filamentous fungi from our collection (Facultat de Medicina de Reus). They included 10 isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus, 11 isolates of Aspergillus flavus, 11 isolates of Aspergillus niger, 10 isolates of Fusarium solani, 10 isolates of Paecilomyces variotii, 10 isolates of Paecilomyces lilacinus, 10 isolates of Chaetomium globosum, 2 isolates of Scytalidium lignicola, and 3 isolates of Scytalidium dimidiatum. Isolates were retrieved from storage in water or slant cultures covered with sterile parafin oil and were subcultured on potato dextrose agar plates at 35°C for 7 to 10 days and, in the case of C. globosum, on oatmeal agar plates at 25°C for 15 days (9). P. variotii ATCC 36257 was included as the quality control strain, and it was tested in each series. UR-9825 and amphotericin B were provided as pure powders by J. Uriach & Co. (Barcelona, Spain) and the U.S. Pharmacopeia (Rockville, Md.), respectively. Both drugs were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (Panreac Química S.A., Barcelona, Spain) and diluted in RPMI 1640 buffered with morpholinepropanesulfonic acid (MOPS) to a final concentration range of 16 to 0.03 g/ml. The inocula were prepared by scraping the sporulated fungi from the agar plates with a loop and suspending them in sterile saline solution. The fungal suspensions were filtered once through sterile gauze to remove the hyphae. For the preparation of ascospores and conidial suspensions of C. globosum and Aspergillus spp., respectively, we used 0.05% Tween 20 (Panreac Química S.A.) in sterile saline solution. The resulting suspensions were vigorously vortexed and adjusted spectrophotometrically ( ϭ 530 nm) to ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antifungal Activities of the New Triazole UR-9825 against Clinically Important Filamentous Fungi

Capilla

Ortoneda

Pastor

et al. 2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Resistance to griseovulvin was confirmed. Results of fungal in vitro sensitivity testing do not always correlate well with in vivo clinical response 2 . Ketoconazole has been used previously in 3 cases of paecilomycosis in dogs 5,9,10 , in 2 cases as the only medical treatment, with 1 dog surviving for 3 weeks 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proper identification and sensitivity testing are important because P. varioti is susceptible to most common antifungals including amphotericin B and flucytosine, while P. lilacinus is generally highly resistant to these drugs 2,15,19 . In previous reports, Paecilomyces was found to be highly sensitive to Amphotericin B and flucytsine, with intermediate sensitivity to ketoconazole 9,10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal infections have been reported in humans 2,15,19,20 , 8 dogs 5,7,[9][10][11]13,14,18 , a cat 4 and other species 4,10 . Two additional cases of suspected Paecilomyces spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infections have been described in dogs 3,17 . Paecilomycosis is a fatal disease in dogs and cats, and 30 of 46 human cases had a negative outcome 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporary remission of disseminated paecilomycosis in a German shepherd dog treated with ketoconazole : case report

Booth¹,

Lugt²,

Heerden³

et al. 2001

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Disseminated mycosis caused by Paecilomyces varioti in a female German shepherd dog presented with chronic forelimb lameness is described. Radiographs of the swollen carpal joint revealed geographic lysis of the radial epiphysis. Diagnosis was based on cytological demonstration of fungal hyphae and chlamydiospores, as well as fungal culture of fluid obtained by arthrocentesis. Temporary remission was characterised by markedly improved clinical signs and laboratory parameters, following treatment with ketoconazole. The dog was euthanased 9 months after the initial diagnosis, following the diagnosis of multifocal discospondylitis. This appears to be the longest described period of temporary remission obtained with treatment in dogs with paecilomycosis. Clinical, clinicopathological and necropsy findings of this disease in another German shepherd dog are briefly described

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Oculomycosis

Thomas

Geraldine

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Hyalohyphomycosis byPaecilomyces lilacinusin a renal transplant patient and a review of humanPaecilomycesspecies infections

Cited by 103 publications

References 34 publications

In Vitro Antifungal Activities of the New Triazole UR-9825 against Clinically Important Filamentous Fungi

In Vitro Antifungal Activities of the New Triazole UR-9825 against Clinically Important Filamentous Fungi

Temporary remission of disseminated paecilomycosis in a German shepherd dog treated with ketoconazole : case report

Oculomycosis

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