Hybrid DC–AC Zonal Microgrid Enabled by Solid-State Transformer and Centralized ESD Integration

Agrawal, Alok; Nalamati, Chandra Sekhar; Gupta, Rajesh

doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2899559

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Such a simulation confirms that ∆V PV grows when δ rises as predicted in (39). Moreover, the simulation confirms that ∆V PV decreases when C L is increased, which is evident from (38). Taking into account that a high efficiency of the DAB converter requires operation in the range 0 ≤ δ ≤ 0.5, the simulation confirms that C L capacitor must be designed at δ = 0.5 where ∆V PV is maximum.…”

Section: Verification Of the L Lk Design Equationsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…This can be faced by reducing the ∆δ value, but for real implementations that will require circuitry with higher resolution and lower noise, which means a costly implementation. Figure 17 shows the PV voltage ripple ∆V PV obtained with different δ and C L values using expression (38). Such a simulation confirms that ∆V PV grows when δ rises as predicted in (39).…”

Section: Verification Of the L Lk Design Equationsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Replacing (37), (12) and (18) into (34), and solving for C L , results in the design equation for the PV side capacitor given in (38). Such an expression requires the previous selection of the transformer ratio N, the leakage inductor L LK , the switching period T s , and the desired maximum ripple ∆V PV of the PV voltage.…”

Section: Design Of the Pv Side Capacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To ensure a PV voltage ripple lower or equal to ∆V PV , the C L capacitor must be designed in the operation condition of δ generating the highest PV voltage ripple. This is analyzed by deriving expression (38) with respect to δ, as it is presented in (39): since 0 ≤ δ ≤ 1 then (δ − 1) < 0 and V Bus N · 2 · δ 2 − 4 · δ + 1 − V PV < 0 if bridge 1 operates in buck-boost mode, i.e., V PV ∼ = V Bus N , which is the condition required for the highest efficiency of the DAB converter as reported in [32]. Therefore, ∂C L ∂δ > 0, hence C L is a monotonically increasing function of δ, which means that the highest PV voltage ripple is exhibited at the highest δ value.…”

Section: Design Of the Pv Side Capacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the DAB converter could provide a high voltage-conversion ratio based on the transformer turns ratio, and soft switching is achievable to reduce voltage and current stress on the switching devices, providing also high power density due to the use of a high-frequency transformer (HFT) [23,[31][32][33]. In the literature, the DAB converter has been used in battery energy storage systems (BESS) [34][35][36], solid-state transformers [37][38][39] and fuel cell applications [40]. Concerning PV systems, the DAB converter has been used in [39,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] to interface PV arrays in series connection, but the high voltage-conversion ratio capability has not been exploited in those works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design Method of Dual Active Bridge Converters for Photovoltaic Systems with High Voltage Gain

et al. 2020

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In this paper, a design method for a photovoltaic system based on a dual active bridge converter and a photovoltaic module is proposed. The method is supported by analytical results and theoretical predictions, which are confirmed with circuital simulations. The analytical development, the theoretical predictions, and the validation through circuital simulations, are the main contributions of the paper. The dual active bridge converter is selected due to its high efficiency, high input and output voltages range, and high voltage-conversion ratio, which enables the interface of low-voltage photovoltaic modules with a high-voltage dc bus, such as the input of a micro-inverter. To propose the design method, the circuital analysis of the dual active bridge converter is performed to describe the general waveforms derived from the circuit behavior. Then, the analysis of the dual active bridge converter, interacting with a photovoltaic module driven by a maximum power point tracking algorithm, is used to establish the mathematical expressions for the leakage inductor current, the photovoltaic current, and the range of operation for the phase shift. The design method also provides analytical equations for both the high-frequency transformer equivalent leakage inductor and the photovoltaic side capacitor. The design method is validated through detailed circuital simulations of the whole photovoltaic system, which confirm that the maximum power of the photovoltaic module can be extracted with a correct design of the dual active bridge converter. Also, the theoretical restrictions of the photovoltaic system, such as the photovoltaic voltage and power ripples, are fulfilled with errors lower than 2% with respect to the circuital simulations. Finally, the simulation results also demonstrate that the maximum power point for different environmental conditions is reached, optimizing the phase shift factor with a maximum power point tracking algorithm.

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Section: Verification Of the L Lk Design Equationsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Verification Of the L Lk Design Equationsupporting

confidence: 63%