Hybrid electric vehicle technology assessment : methodology, analytical issues, and interim results.

Plotkin, Steven E.; Santini, D.J.; Vyas, Anant; Anderson, John L.; Wang, M.; Bharathan, D.; He, Jin

doi:10.2172/807353

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The others contain some information useful for environmental assessment of EV technologies but were performed to address a more specific goal and therefore have a different scope. 31 studies assess GIHEVs (Bandivadekar 2008; Boureima et al 2009;Bravo et al 2006;Brinkman et al 2005;Burnham et al 2006;Daniel and Rosen 2002;Dhingra et al 2000;Eberhard and Tarpenning 2006;EPRI 2002EPRI , 2007Fontaras et al 2008;General Motors Corporation 2001;Hackney and de Neufville 2001;Hermance and Sasaki 1998;Jaramillo et al 2009;Kalhammer et al 2007;Lave and MacLean 2002;Mohamadabadi et al 2009;Plotkin et al 2002;Samaras and Meisterling 2008;Santini and Vyas 2008;Schexnayder et al 2001;Stephan and Sullivan 2008;Van Mierlo et al 2004;Wang et al 1997;Williamson and Emadi 2005;Burke and Abeles 2004;Huo et al 2010;Shiau et al 2010;MercedesBenz 2009;King and Webber 2008), 23 assess PHEVs (Bandivadekar 2008; Baptista et al 2009;Daniel and Rosen 2002;Elgowainy et al 2009;EPRI 2002EPRI , 2007Gage 2003;Jaramillo et al 2009;Kalhammer et al 2007;Karbowski et al 2007;<...>…”

Section: Scope and Completenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review

Hawkins

Gausen

Strømman

2012

Int J Life Cycle Assess

486

258

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Purpose A literature review is undertaken to understand how well existing studies of the environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles (EV) address the full life cycle of these technologies. Results of studies are synthesized to compare the global warming potential (GWP) of different EV and internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) options. Other impacts are compared; however, data availability limits the extent to which this could be accomplished.Method We define what should be included in a complete, state-of-the-art environmental assessment of hybrid and electric vehicles considering components and life cycle stages, emission categories, impact categories, and resource use and compare the content of 51 environmental assessments of hybrid and electric vehicles to our definition. Impact assessment results associated with full life cycle inventories (LCI) are compared for GWP as well as emissions of other pollutants. GWP results by life cycle stage and key parameters are extracted and used to perform a meta-analysis quantifying the impacts of vehicle options. Results Few studies provide a full LCI for EVs together with assessment of multiple impacts. Research has focused on well to wheel studies comparing fossil fuel and electricity use as the use phase has been seen to dominate the life cycle of vehicles. Only very recently have studies begun to better address production impacts. Apart from batteries, very few studies provide transparent LCIs of other key EV drivetrain components. Estimates of EV energy use in the literature span a wide range, 0.10-0.24 kWh/km. Similarly, battery and vehicle lifetime plays an important role in results, yet lifetime assumptions range between 150,000-300,000 km. CO 2 and GWP are the most frequently reported results. Compiled results suggest the GWP of EVs powered by coal electricity falls between small and large conventional vehicles while EVs powered by natural gas or low-carbon energy sources perform better than the most efficient ICEVs. EV results in regions dependant on coal electricity demonstrated a trend toward increased SO x emissions compared to fuel use by ICEVs. Conclusions Moving forward research should focus on providing consensus around a transparent inventory for production of electric vehicles, appropriate electricity grid mix assumptions, the implications of EV adoption on the existing grid, and means of comparing vehicle on the basis of common driving and charging patterns. Although EVs appear to demonstrate decreases in GWP compared to conventional ICEVs, high efficiency ICEVs and grid-independent hybrid electric vehicles perform better than EVs using coalfired electricity.

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Section: Scope and Completenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review

Hawkins

Gausen

Strømman

2012

Int J Life Cycle Assess

486

258

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The former circumstance is called charge-depleting (CD) operations mode, while the latter is called charge-sustaining mode (CS). These vehicles were initially called plug-in HEVs (Graham et al, 2001), or grid-connected HEVs (GCHEVs) (Plotkin et al, 2001). One interpretation of these vehicles is that they were compromises that would more cheaply allow at least some zero emissions operation than would pure battery electric vehicles (BEVs).…”

Section: Light-duty Hybrids That Plug In Store Grid Electricity Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2001, both the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (Graham et al, 2001), and Argonne National Laboratory (Plotkin et al, 2001) published evaluations of the feasibility of plug-in HEVs, based on projected attributes of NiMH battery packs (see Appendix A for a discussion of battery characteristics). Both studies used the acronym HEV.…”

Section: Light-duty Hybrids That Plug In Store Grid Electricity Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highway vehicle electric drive in the United States : 2009 status and issues.

Santini¹

2011

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“…A natural question then arises: when would it make sense to choose a hybrid powertrain as opposed to other techniques (several of which are discussed in this paper)? Many "system-level" simulation studies have been conducted to compare the cost benefits of these techniques; see [101,102]. However, these system-level analyses are highly dependent on the underlying assumptions, such as fuel cost, and may not be that useful for predicting the future benefits and cost of ownership.…”

Section: Electric Hybrid Powertrain Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automotive Powertrain Control - A Survey

Cook

Sun²,

Buckland

et al. 2008

Asian Journal of Control

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This paper surveys recent and historical publications on automotive powertrain control. Control-oriented models of gasoline and diesel engines and their aftertreatment systems are reviewed, and challenging control problems for conventional engines, hybrid vehicles and fuel cell powertrains are discussed. Fundamentals are revisited and advancements are highlighted. A comprehensive list of references is provided.

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Hybrid electric vehicle technology assessment : methodology, analytical issues, and interim results.

Cited by 32 publications

References 3 publications

Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review

Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review

Highway vehicle electric drive in the United States : 2009 status and issues.

Automotive Powertrain Control - A Survey

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