2007
DOI: 10.1021/ja068356j
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Hybrid Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles:  Multimodal Contrast Agents for in Vivo Imaging

Abstract: Luminescent hybrid nanoparticles with a paramagnetic Gd2O3 core were applied as contrast agents for both in vivo fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging. These hybrid particles were obtained by encapsulating Gd2O3 cores within a polysiloxane shell which carries organic fluorophores and carboxylated PEG covalently tethered to the inorganic network. Longitudinal proton relaxivities of these particles are higher than the positive contrast agents like Gd-DOTA which are commonly used for clinical magnetic reson… Show more

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Cited by 726 publications
(734 citation statements)
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“…29 For the practical application as a MRI contrast agent, the lanthanide oxide particles should be protected against leaching of highly toxic free Ln 3+ ions by an appropriate coating, for example, with a dextran of a polysiloxane shell. 44 Attachment of additional functions, such as PEG groups, may improve the biodistribution and, furthermore, these particles can, if conjugated to the appropriate targeting vector, deliver a high payload of Ln 3+ at the site of interest. The results of the present study may be helpful for the design of particles with optimal size and thickness of surface coatings.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…29 For the practical application as a MRI contrast agent, the lanthanide oxide particles should be protected against leaching of highly toxic free Ln 3+ ions by an appropriate coating, for example, with a dextran of a polysiloxane shell. 44 Attachment of additional functions, such as PEG groups, may improve the biodistribution and, furthermore, these particles can, if conjugated to the appropriate targeting vector, deliver a high payload of Ln 3+ at the site of interest. The results of the present study may be helpful for the design of particles with optimal size and thickness of surface coatings.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, combined FI and MRI have been shown in vitro [19][20][21][22][23] as well as in vivo. 24,25 Other promising, silica-based materials for combined FI and MRI, [26][27][28][29] combined FI and computed tomography (CT), 30 MRI and CT, 31 and even FI, MRI, and CT 32 have been reported but have not yet shown their applicability in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, combined diagnostics and therapeutics (theranostics) using silica nanoparticles has been accomplished 33 and demonstrated to be effective in vitro.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[380] The precipitating agents are often synthetic polymers such as PEG, PVA, poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), poly (methylacrylic acid) (PMAA), poly (lactic acid) (PLA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), PEI and biopolymers such as carbohydrates (dextran, chitosan, alginate, arabinogalactan). In contrast to in situ approach, within the post synthesis strategy, bare magnetic cores will be introduced by coating materials onto their surface through ligand exchange, [140,381] direct grafting [382] or hydrophobic interactions. [383] Silica, polymers, gold and other organic dye molecules are of the most commonly used materials through this approach.…”
Section: Coatings Approaches Of Mnpsmentioning
confidence: 99%