“…More recently, there have been a number of researches concentrating extremely on alterations to the optimal chemical composition selection through the artificial intelligence technology. [20][21][22][23][24][25] In particular, many kinds of optimization techniques have been proposed, such as simulated annealing, [26] genetic algorithm, [27,28] particle swarm optimization (PSO), [29][30][31][32] teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm, [33] Jaya algorithm, [34,35] cuckoo search algorithm, [36] and so on. In these algorithms, PSO is the easiest to implement and possesses excellent swarm search ability to obtain the best optimal section of component, which is developed based on the social behavior among members of a specific species to seek the best food sources.…”