Hybrid Optical Switching for Energy-Efficiency and QoS Differentiation in Core Networks

Abstract

In the future, the Internet may ultimately be\ud constrained by energy consumption and the capability to\ud provide quality of service (QoS). As regards the Internet\ud core, hybrid optical switching (HOS) is promising to provide\ud service differentiation and reduced energy consumption\ud in respect to current electronic switching solutions. In\ud this paper we present a novel hybrid HOS network architecture\ud that efficiently integrates the optical packet, burst,\ud and circuit switching on the same network. The proposed\ud HOS network envisages the use of two parallel switches, a\ud slow optical switch for the transmission of circuits and long\ud bursts, and a fast switch for the transmission of packets and\ud short bursts. The most appropriate switching method is selected\ud for the traffic generated by different applications\ud and the less power consuming elements are utilized for\ud transmission, ensuring flexibility, QoS differentiation,\ud and low energy consumption. The HOS network is organized\ud in an overlay model with the HOS control layer\ud performing routing, signaling, and link management, and\ud with the HOS forwarding layer managing the reservation\ud of resources and data scheduling. Performance and energy\ud efficiency of the analyzed network are assessed by means of\ud a combined analytical and simulation approach

A Survey on Optical Technologies for IoT, Smart Industry, and Smart Infrastructures

“…The main optical components that can be a part of an optical SDN network are software-controllable BVTs and FG-ROADMs incorporating bandwidth-flexible WSS [53]. Additionally, the use of different switching paradigms and a combined implementation of the switching elements in electronics and optics, often referred to as hybrid optical switching (HoS) [54], can lead to an even higher flexibility and better transmission efficiency due to the possibility of having lover granularities of data flows [55]. The parameters that can be directly controlled by software include modulation scheme, center frequency or wavelength as well as the number of optical carriers belonging to a superchannel.…”

“…A prominent example is the improvement of energy efficiency by more than six orders of magnitude by using modern optical submarine transmission systems instead of the formerly used wireless and coax cable-based ones [70]. Not only submarine transmission systems but also optical transmission and switching elements within various network areas, namely access, aggregation, and core network areas, together with sophisticated network concepts and energy management solutions, have the potential to greatly improve the energy efficiency of the network infrastructure [55,71,72]. Similar technologies and concepts can also be used for internal interconnection networks in large data centers in order to improve both their energy efficiency and scalability [73][74][75].…”

Hybrid Optical Switching for Data Center Networks

“…As a consequence, future data center networks should be highly flexible in order to serve each application with the required service quality while achieving efficient resource utilization and low energy consumption. To achieve high flexibility, in telecommunication networks hybrid optical switching (HOS) approaches have been recently proposed [21,22]. HOS combines optical circuit, burst, and packet switching on the same network and maps each application to the optical transport mechanism that best suits its traffic requirements, thus enabling service differentiation directly in the optical layer.…”

“…This operation will not require any change in the architecture of the HOS core node, which can be easily scaled to support very high capacities. Furthermore, for increased overall performance and energy efficiency we assume that the HOS core node is connected to a HOS WAN [21,22], but in general the core node could be connected to the Internet using any kind of network technology.…”

Evaluation of Hidden Markov Model Based Adaptive Provisioning of Optical Burst Switching Networks Amenable for Upgradation to Green Flexigrid Networks

“…Tornatore et al (2005) have shown that a knowledge of required connection holding times for any incoming application can ensure resource Science Publications JCS savings through efficient shared-path protection. The work of Fiorani et al (2013) illustrates that knowledge of the short and long traffic paths in the network is crucial for implementing of energy efficient hybrid switching (Fiorani et al, 2013). Therefore our approach of predicting path-dependent connection-holding times available in the network at any time when matched to the knowledge of requirements of incoming application will ensure efficient transport.…”