Hybrid Spider Silk with Inorganic Nanomaterials

Kiseleva, Aleksandra; Kiselev, Grigorii O.; Nikolaeva, Valeria; Seisenbaeva, Gulaim A.; Kessler, Vadim G.; Krivoshapkin, Pavel V.; Krivoshapkina, Elena F.

doi:10.3390/nano10091853

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…[20] These are but a few of the many ways for different morphologies of silk to be produced and many more examples are covered more exhaustively in other reviews. [45] Millennia of sericulture driven by consumer demand ensured the abundance of silkworm silk. However, advances in genetic engineering have enabled the decoupling of silk production from their original animal sources, allowing silk to be produced recombinantly in a more controlled, compact, and sterile manner in simple host organisms such as bacteria or fungi.…”

Section: Silk and Processing Of Silk Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Power of Silk Technology for Energy Applications

Strassburg

Zainuddin

Scheibel

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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The energy demands that support modern industries and lifestyles are largely fulfilled by the burning of fossil fuels, [1] whose greenhouse gas by-products are a major contributing cause of global warming. [2] It has become clear that the combustion of fossil fuels at the current scale is unsustainable and more sustainable alternative energy sources must be explored to offset the contribution of fossil fuels. [3] Solar energy has an important role to play in this transition. Solar irradiation available on Earth's surface per hour far exceeds the annual global energy demand. [4] However, adaptation to solar energy has been slow due to a number of factors, such as rare or hazardous raw materials, high sensitivity to water, and short life spans. [5] Compared to the fossil fuel, which can be burned on demand, solar irradiation is subject to fluctuations caused by many factors such as weather conditions, time of the day, time of the year, and latitude. [6] Because storing solar radiation in its original form, that is, electromagnetic waves, is prohibitively difficult, its conversion prior to storage is necessary. Biological systems developed 3.5 billion years ago [7] as a process to use sunlight to drive chemical reactions through photosynthesis. Specifically, oxygenic photosynthesis, which occurs in most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, converts carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into carbohydrates. These carbohydrates form dense and portable packets of chemical energy that can be released through cellular respiration whenever needed.The first step in following nature's example in turning light energy to chemical energy was enabled with the discovery of the photovoltaic effect by Edmond Becquerel in 1839, [8] in which the current generated by an electrochemical cell increased upon exposure to light. The first photovoltaic cells in the 19th century were based on pure metal species and exhibited low efficiencies. [9] Major efficiency improvements came in the 20th century with the incorporation of semiconductor materials into photovoltaic cells but they remained bulky and difficult to manufacture. [9] A breakthrough came in the 1980s with the advent of thin film solar cells which largely solved this problem. [9] Despite many advances, solar cells have a limited lifetime, and once their efficiencies have dropped to a no longer useful level, disposal becomes an issue due to the difficulty of recycling component materials. In addition, energy storage is often a major concern due to the limited number of hours per day photovoltaic devices are exposed to solar irradiation. Thus, Silk fibers are a remarkable material made of proteins possessing excellent mechanical properties that match or even outperform, in some aspects, high performance fibers such as Kevlar and steel. Silk proteins can be further produced recombinantly, allowing the possibility for genetic modification, enhancing silks' already impressive range of benefits. Thus far, little research has explored the possibility of incorporating silk-based materials in el...

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Section: Silk and Processing Of Silk Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Power of Silk Technology for Energy Applications

Strassburg

Zainuddin

Scheibel

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…The unique tensile properties of spider silk were recognized from the earliest works in the field [ 4 , 5 ] as the result of combining unusual values of both tensile strength and strain at breaking [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. This combination, in turn, leads to values of the work to fracture (the energy required to break the material which is measured as the area below the stress-strain curve of a material) in excess of 200 MJ/m 3 , much larger than other high performance fibers, such as Kevlar [ 9 ].…”

Section: The Singular Tensile Behavior Of Spider Silk Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Principles in the Design of Spider Silk Fibers

et al. 2021

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The prominence of spider silk as a hallmark in biomimetics relies not only on its unrivalled mechanical properties, but also on how these properties are the result of a set of original design principles. In this sense, the study of spider silk summarizes most of the main topics relevant to the field and, consequently, offers a nice example on how these topics could be considered in other biomimetic systems. This review is intended to present a selection of some of the essential design principles that underlie the singular microstructure of major ampullate gland silk, as well as to show how the interplay between them leads to the outstanding tensile behavior of spider silk. Following this rationale, the mechanical behavior of the material is analyzed in detail and connected with its main microstructural features, specifically with those derived from the semicrystalline organization of the fibers. Establishing the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure in spider silk not only offers a vivid image of the paths explored by nature in the search for high performance materials, but is also a valuable guide for the development of new artificial fibers inspired in their natural counterparts.

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“…This rearrangement results in the phenomenon of supercontraction that will change the modulus of the spider silk [11,12]. The spider silks are widely used in optical systems [13], the synthesis of new materials [14,15], biomedical applications [16][17][18][19][20][21] and tensile mechanics [22][23][24][25][26]. Spider silk also exhibits powerful cyclic contractions, which can be reversible and have reproducible use [9,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spider Silk-Improved Quartz-Enhanced Conductance Spectroscopy for Medical Mask Humidity Sensing

et al. 2022

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Spider silk is one of the hottest biomaterials researched currently, due to its excellent mechanical properties. This work reports a novel humidity sensing platform based on a spider silk-modified quartz tuning fork (SSM-QTF). Since spider silk is a kind of natural moisture-sensitive material, it does not demand additional sensitization. Quartz-enhanced conductance spectroscopy (QECS) was combined with the SSM-QTF to access humidity sensing sensitively. The results indicate that the resonance frequency of the SSM-QTF decreased monotonously with the ambient humidity. The detection sensitivity of the proposed SSM-QTF sensor was 12.7 ppm at 1 min. The SSM-QTF sensor showed good linearity of ~0.99. Using this sensor, we successfully measured the humidity of disposable medical masks for different periods of wearing time. The results showed that even a 20 min wearing time can lead to a >70% humidity in the mask enclosed space. It is suggested that a disposable medical mask should be changed <2 h.

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Hybrid Spider Silk with Inorganic Nanomaterials

Cited by 14 publications

References 113 publications

The Power of Silk Technology for Energy Applications

The Power of Silk Technology for Energy Applications

Basic Principles in the Design of Spider Silk Fibers

Spider Silk-Improved Quartz-Enhanced Conductance Spectroscopy for Medical Mask Humidity Sensing

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