“…We also found 12 articles describing cases limited to natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) and/or visualization through the natural orifice, cases in which the lumen was not traversed, and cases which considered the umbilicus a natural orifice. These 12 articles [3,15,17,26,28,33,36,39,41,43,44,46] were excluded from the final analysis as they were not felt to adequately meet the definition of NOTES. Thus, 43 articles [4, 5, 7-9, 11, 12, 14, 18-25, 27, 29-32, 35, 37, 38, 40, 42, 45, 47-56, 59, 61-65] were included in the final analysis after accounting for articles reporting redundant sets of patients and those failing to adequately meet the definition of NOTES.…”