Hybrid war and cyber-attacks: creating legal and operational dilemmas

Simons, Greg; Danyk, Yuriy; Малярчук, Тамара

doi:10.1080/14781158.2020.1732899

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Notable examples of hybrid threat actors include the Russian Federation, the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and Iran [ 65 ]. Tactics employed encompass information manipulation [ 50 ], cyber-attacks [ 66 ], economic coercion [ 67 ], covert political maneuvering, coercive diplomacy, and the threat of military force [ 65 ]. Hybrid threats span a broad spectrum of harmful activities with diverse objectives, ranging from influence and interference operations to full-fledged hybrid warfare.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EU space security–An 8-Step online discourse analysis to decode hybrid threats

Reis

2024

PLoS ONE

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Space security has emerged as a concern for the European Union (EU), given that space systems have become integral to ensuring the safety of all European society. This strategy reflects the interaction of geopolitical dynamics and the rising specter of hybrid threats. However, grappling with hybrid threats targeting the EU space presents distinct challenges, primarily owing to their elusive nature. Hence, our objective is to develop practical methodologies to identify and mitigate such threats effectively. To meet this objective, we propose an innovative 8-step process. This approach streamlines the systematic identification and analysis of discourses of hybrid threats within online platforms dedicated to EU space discussions. Our methodology underwent rigorous scrutiny, including a comprehensive literature review that prioritized peer-reviewed manuscripts from sources such as Web of Science and Elsevier Scopus. Additionally, we selected documents from Google Scholar to ensure comprehensive coverage of diverse scholarly contributions, enriching the depth of our analysis. Our research yielded a conceptual framework for Online Discourse Analysis (ODA) tailored to evaluate hybrid threats targeting EU space defense and security. The results highlight the importance of leveraging advanced ODA techniques to deepen our understanding of emerging threats. In conclusion, we advocate for the adoption of these innovative methods to enhance the robustness of EU space defense strategies in the face of evolving security scenarios. The establishment of the 8-step ODA framework marks a pivotal milestone, offering a structured approach to deciphering hybrid threats. Looking ahead, we aim to empirically validate this framework by creating and deploying custom-tailored software designed to identify potential hybrid threats jeopardizing the security of European space assets. Through continued research and practical implementation, we endeavor to fortify the EU’s defenses against emerging threats in the space domain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EU space security–An 8-Step online discourse analysis to decode hybrid threats

Reis

2024

PLoS ONE

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Design and analysis of cyber warfare model with intelligent predictive stochastic networks for attack–defend strategies on critical infrastructures

Majeed,

Masood,

Ghori

et al. 2023

Applied Soft Computing

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Two explanations for the paucity of cyber-military, cross-domain operations

Katagiri

2022

Journal of Cybersecurity

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This article investigates why states have launched so few cross-domain operations—in this case, operations between cyber and military domains—when they have launched so many cyberattacks. I explore a set of five hypotheses for why most cyberattacks do not occur at the same time as military strikes. My analysis reveals that of the five, two are compelling. First, state attackers make strategic decisions not to “cross the domain” for organizational reasons that are based on the internal division of labor. Second, many cyberattackers face significant technical challenges with cross-domain operations even if their cyber and military forces are integrated. The other three reasons are not as persuasive, including fear of conflict escalation, international law applied to cyberspace, and norms of cyberspace behavior.

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Hybrid war and cyber-attacks: creating legal and operational dilemmas

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

EU space security–An 8-Step online discourse analysis to decode hybrid threats

EU space security–An 8-Step online discourse analysis to decode hybrid threats

Design and analysis of cyber warfare model with intelligent predictive stochastic networks for attack–defend strategies on critical infrastructures

Two explanations for the paucity of cyber-military, cross-domain operations

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