Hybridization and the species problem in conservation

Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M.; Ryan, Maureen E.; Johnson, Jarrett R.; Corush, Joel B.; Carter, Evin T.

doi:10.1093/czoolo/61.1.206

Cited by 81 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…; Fitzpatrick et al . ). Our goal is to reformulate conservation goals in the age of genomics and in the light of evolutionary and ecological principles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Hybridization and endangered species protection in the molecular era

2016

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After decades of discussion, there is little consensus on the extent to which hybrids between endangered and nonendangered species should be protected by US law. As increasingly larger, genome-scale data sets are developed, we can identify individuals and populations with even trace levels of genetic admixture, making the 'hybrid problem' all the more difficult. We developed a decision-tree framework for evaluating hybrid protection, including both the processes that produced hybrids (human-mediated or natural) and the ecological impact of hybrids on natural ecosystems. We then evaluated our decision tree for four case studies drawn from our own work and briefly discuss several other cases from the literature. Throughout, we highlight the management outcomes that our approach provides and the nuances of hybridization as a conservation problem.

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“…; Fitzpatrick et al . ). Our goal is to reformulate conservation goals in the age of genomics and in the light of evolutionary and ecological principles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although the definition of what constitutes a ‘species’ and how it should relate to conservation actions remains a difficult topic to fully resolve (Fitzpatrick et al . ), genomic data at least provide a full empirical context to address the problem.…”

Section: A Decision Tree For Hybrid Protection Using Genomewide Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization and endangered species protection in the molecular era

2016

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“…In groups without clear delimitations, as it is the case for the AEP Rhizophora species complex, it is intrinsically difficult to identify and record individuals using an objective strategy. Thus, we recommend that different scenarios of classification, namely individual morphological “species,” hybrids, groups of species and the entire species complex, should be used as units for applied purposes (Fitzpatrick, Ryan, Johnson, Corush, & Carter, ). Regionally, for instance, we believe that using this flexible approach would benefit the Brazilian Mangrove Ecosystem National Action Plan (Plano de Ação Nacional para a Conservação das Espécies Ameaçadas e de Importância Socioeconômica do Ecossistema Manguezal – Brazilian Ministry of the Environment), which is species‐specific and recognizes R. mangle, R. racemosa, and R. × harrisonii as independent entities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetic structure, introgression, and hybridization in the genus Rhizophora along the Brazilian coast

Francisco

Mori

Alves

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Mangrove plants comprise plants with similar ecological features that have enabled them to adapt to life between the sea and the land. Within a geographic region, different mangrove species share not only similar adaptations but also similar genetic structure patterns. Along the eastern coast of South America, there is a subdivision between the populations north and south of the continent's northeastern extremity. Here, we aimed to test for this north‐south genetic structure in Rhizophora mangle, a dominant mangrove plant in the Western Hemisphere. Additionally, we aimed to study the relationships between R. mangle, R. racemosa, and R. × harrisonii and to test for evidence of hybridization and introgression. Our results confirmed the north‐south genetic structure pattern in R. mangle and revealed a less abrupt genetic break in the northern population than those observed in Avicennia species, another dominant and widespread mangrove genus in the Western Hemisphere. These results are consistent with the role of oceanic currents influencing sea‐dispersed plants and differences between Avicennia and Rhizophora propagules in longevity and establishment time. We also observed that introgression and hybridization are relevant biological processes in the northeastern coast of South America and that they are likely asymmetric toward R. mangle, suggesting that adaptation might be a process maintaining this hybrid zone.

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“…; Fitzpatrick et al . ), or introgression of domesticated (Kidd et al . ) or transgenic (Warwick et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

parallelnewhybrid: an R package for the parallelization of hybrid detection using newhybrids

Wringe

Stanley

Jeffery

et al. 2016

Molecular Ecology Resources

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Hybridization among populations and species is a central theme in many areas of biology, and the study of hybridization has direct applicability to testing hypotheses about evolution, speciation and genetic recombination, as well as having conservation, legal and regulatory implications. Yet, despite being a topic of considerable interest, the identification of hybrid individuals, and quantification of the (un)certainty surrounding the identifications, remains difficult. Unlike other programs that exist to identify hybrids based on genotypic information, newhybrids is able to assign individuals to specific hybrid classes (e.g. F , F ) because it makes use of patterns of gene inheritance within each locus, rather than just the proportions of gene inheritance within each individual. For each comparison and set of markers, multiple independent runs of each data set should be used to develop an estimate of the hybrid class assignment accuracy. The necessity of analysing multiple simulated data sets, constructed from large genomewide data sets, presents significant computational challenges. To address these challenges, we present parallelnewhybrid, an r package designed to decrease user burden when undertaking multiple newhybrids analyses. parallelnewhybrid does so by taking advantage of the parallel computational capabilities inherent in modern computers to efficiently and automatically execute separate newhybrids runs in parallel. We show that parallelization of analyses using this package affords users several-fold reductions in time over a traditional serial analysis. parallelnewhybrid consists of an example data set, a readme and three operating system-specific functions to execute parallel newhybrids analyses on each of a computer's c cores. parallelnewhybrid is freely available on the long-term software hosting site github (www.github.com/bwringe/parallelnewhybrid).

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Hybridization and the species problem in conservation

Cited by 81 publications

References 83 publications

Hybridization and endangered species protection in the molecular era

Hybridization and endangered species protection in the molecular era

Population genetic structure, introgression, and hybridization in the genus Rhizophora along the Brazilian coast

parallelnewhybrid: an R package for the parallelization of hybrid detection using newhybrids

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