Hydraulic Experiment on Flow and Topography Change in Harbor due to Tsunami and Its Numerical Simulation

Three-dimensional sediment transport processes on tsunami-induced topography changes in a harbor

“…In this section, a three-dimensional hydrostatic numerical simulation of the tsunami-induced topography changes studied experimentally by Fujii et al (2009) is carried out, and the deposition process at the center of the harbor is discussed.…”

“…Numerical models of tsunami-induced topography changes have been developed in a decade (Takahashi et al, 2000;Nishihata et al, 2006;Jaffe and Gelfenbuam, 2007;Huntington et al, 2007;Fujii et al, 2009;Gusman et al, 2010;Huang et al, 2010;Apotsos et al, 2011). These models are classified into two types; inverse models and forward models (Huntington et al, 2007).…”

“…Before applying to the sediment transport simulation, Apotsos et al (2011) carried out a set of benchmark simulations for tsunami run-up, but not for tsunami-induced sediment transport because no standardized benchmarks exists. Fujii et al (2009) carried out an experiment using a wide flume in order to clarify characteristic flow patterns and topography changes in harbors due to a tsunami. In their experiment, topography changes near an idealized harbor due to an isolated long wave were investigated.…”

“…In the present study, in order to investigate the deposition processes at the center of the harbor observed in the experiment of Fujii et al (2009), a three-dimensional hydrostatic numerical simulation is carried out, and we discuss the roles of the three-dimensional sediment transport in the deposition processes. The idealized experiment of Fujii et al (2009) is an appropriate benchmark for understanding typical tsunami-induced sediment transport processes in harbors or in inner bays, which are important for both geological and engineering aspects because those will be helpful both for searching historical or pre-historical tsunami deposits in inner bays and for safety assessments of coastal structures.…”

“…The idealized experiment of Fujii et al (2009) is an appropriate benchmark for understanding typical tsunami-induced sediment transport processes in harbors or in inner bays, which are important for both geological and engineering aspects because those will be helpful both for searching historical or pre-historical tsunami deposits in inner bays and for safety assessments of coastal structures. This paper is organized as follows: First, Section 2 describes the numerical model used in this study.…”