Hydraulic geometry of floodplains

Bhowmik, Nani G.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(84)90221-x

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…[13] Indeed, similar expressions to (5)- (7) were empirically derived by Bhowmik [1984] for floodplain downstream hydraulic geometry. Here, following a similar approach as previously done for the channel, we use the empirical floodplain scaling relationships proposed by Dodov and Foufoula-Georgiou [2005] to account for the effects of scale in floodplain hydraulic geometry.…”

Section: Mejia and Reed: Role Of Channel And Floodplain Cross-sectionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…[12] For the floodplain geometry, to understand its separate effects and allow for analytical tractability, we make the simplifying assumptions that the channel and floodplain cross sections act as a single unit [Bhowmik and Demissie, 1982;Buehler, 1983;Bhowmik, 1984;Woltemade and Potter, 1994] and that the floodplain cross-sectional area is much larger than the bankfull area [Fread and Lewis, 1986]. These assumptions may be reasonable for larger flows, say larger than a 50 year return period [Bhowmik and Demissie, 1982;Buehler, 1983;Bhowmik, 1984;Woltemade and Potter, 1994], when the floodplain cross section is dominant [Myers, 1987] and the channel-floodplain interactions are minor [Knight and Demetriou, 1983;Myers, 1987].…”

Section: At-a-site Hydraulic Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These assumptions may be reasonable for larger flows, say larger than a 50 year return period [Bhowmik and Demissie, 1982;Buehler, 1983;Bhowmik, 1984;Woltemade and Potter, 1994], when the floodplain cross section is dominant [Myers, 1987] and the channel-floodplain interactions are minor [Knight and Demetriou, 1983;Myers, 1987]. In terms of (2) this means that the first term in parentheses is much greater than 1, so that (2) can be simplified to a two-parameter power law, as assumed by Fread and Lewis [1986].…”

Section: At-a-site Hydraulic Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of channel and floodplain cross‐section geometry in the basin response

Mejía

Reed

2011

Water Resources Research

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[1] We investigate the role of cross-section geometry in flow routing by developing an analytical framework based on the instantaneous response function (IRF) and relationships of river basin geomorphology. The cross-section geometry is included explicitly within the framework by assuming a power law cross section that is, in turn, used to derive expressions for the at-a-site hydraulic geometry. The analysis performed using the Illinois River basin indicates that the cross-section geometry takes on different roles depending on whether flows are in the channel or floodplain. The cross-section geometry where width dominates over depth (width dominant), i.e., the at-a-site width-depth ratio increases with increasing depth, tends to produce a larger network celerity and dispersion for the channel, and the trend reverses for the high floodplain flows. We found that the cross-section geometry can influence the relative contribution of hydrodynamic and kinematic dispersion. For the channel, the depth-dominant cross section produces a lower hydrodynamic dispersion than the width-dominant cross section and vice versa for the floodplain. We found that the nonlinear dependence of the IRF on effective rainfall, expressed in the IRF time to peak and peak flow, may vary depending on the cross-section geometry, with the nonlinearity decreasing for the width-dominant cross sections. Additionally, the effect of cross-section geometry on the basin response can alter the relative contribution of the stream network and hillslopes to the basin dispersion. The derived framework has potential as an a priori tool for incorporating channel and floodplain geometry into distributed rainfall-runoff models.Citation: Mejia, A. I., and S. M. Reed (2011), Role of channel and floodplain cross-section geometry in the basin response, Water Resour. Res., 47, W09518,

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Section: Mejia and Reed: Role Of Channel And Floodplain Cross-sectionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: At-a-site Hydraulic Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: At-a-site Hydraulic Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of channel and floodplain cross‐section geometry in the basin response

Mejía

Reed

2011

Water Resources Research

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“…In addition, the extent of the riparian zone is not constant within the longitudinal dimension of rivers, as reflected in several studies on floodplain extent and associated parameters as a function of the contributing area (Bhowmik, 1984;Dodov and Foufoula-Georgiou, 2004). Despite of this, establishing fixed distances from water edge has been a common approach in riparian delineation for regulatory purposes (e.g.…”

Section: Fernández Et Al: Quantifying the Performance Of Gis Apprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the performance of automated GIS-based geomorphological approaches for riparian zone delineation using digital elevation models

Fernández

Barquín

Álvarez‐Cabria

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Riparian zone delineation is a central issue for managing rivers and adjacent areas; however, criteria used to delineate them are still under debate. The area inundated by a 50-yr flood has been indicated as an optimal hydrological descriptor for riparian areas. This detailed hydrological information is usually only available for populated areas at risk of flooding. In this work we created several floodplain surfaces by means of two different GIS-based geomorphological approaches using digital elevation models (DEMs), in an attempt to find hydrologically meaningful potential riparian zones for river networks at the river basin scale. Objective quantification of the performance of the two geomorphologic models is provided by analysing coinciding and exceeding areas with respect to the 50-yr flood surface in different river geomorphological types.

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“…The shape, the size, extent and spread of natural floodplains reflect the dynamics of river systems (Bhowmik, 1984). Once overbank, the complexity of river flows is increased by 3-dimensional momentum exchanges between the main and floodplain channel zones (Sellin, 1964;Zheleznyakov, 1965).…”

Section: Hydrological and Hydraulic Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences on flood frequency distributions in Irish river catchments

Ahilan

O’Sullivan

Bruen

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This study explores influences on flood frequency distributions in Irish rivers. A Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) type I distribution is recommended in Ireland for estimating flood quantiles in a single site flood frequency analysis. This paper presents the findings of an investigation that identified the GEV statistical distributions that best fit the annual maximum (AM) data series extracted from 172 gauging stations of 126 rivers in Ireland. Analysis of these data was undertaken to explore hydraulic and hydro-geological factors that influence flood frequency distributions. A hierarchical approach of increasing statistical power that used probability plots, moment and L-moment diagrams, the Hosking goodness of fit algorithm and a modified Anderson-Darling (A-D) statistical test was followed to determine whether a type I, type II or type III distribution was valid. Results of the Hosking et al. method indicated that of the 143 stations with flow records exceeding 25 yr, data for 95 (67 %) was best represented by GEV type I distributions and a further 9 (6 %) and 39 (27 %) stations followed type II and type III distributions respectively. Type I, type II and type III distributions were determined for 83 (58 %), 16 (11 %) and 34 (24 %) stations respectively using the modified A-D method (data from 10 stations was not represented by GEV family distributions). The influence of karst terrain on these flood frequency distributions was assessed by incorporating results on an Arc-GIS platform showing karst features and using Monte Carlo simulations to assess the significance of the number and clustering of the observed distributions. Floodplain effects were identified by using two-sample t-tests to identify statistical correlations between the distributions and catchment properties that are indicative of strong floodplain activity. The data reveals that type I distributions are spatially well represented throughout the country. While also well represented throughout the country, the majority of type III distributions appear in areas where attenuation influences from floodplains are likely. The majority of type II distributions appear in a single cluster in a region in the west of the country that is underlain by karst but importantly, is characterised by shallow of glacial drift with frequent exposures of rock outcrops. The presence of karst in river catchments would be expected to provide additional subsurface storage and in this regard, type III distributions might be expected. The prevalence of type II distributions in this area reflects the finite nature of this storage. For prolonged periods of rainfall, rising groundwater levels will fill karst voids, remove subsurface storage and contribute to recharge related sinkhole flooding. Situations where rainfall intensities exceed karst percolation rates also produce high levels of surface runoff (discharge related flooding) that can promote type II distributions in nearby river catchments. Results therefore indicate that in some instances, assuming type I di...

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Hydraulic geometry of floodplains

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Role of channel and floodplain cross‐section geometry in the basin response

Role of channel and floodplain cross‐section geometry in the basin response

Quantifying the performance of automated GIS-based geomorphological approaches for riparian zone delineation using digital elevation models

Influences on flood frequency distributions in Irish river catchments

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