Hydraulic study and optimisation of water treatment processes using numerical simulation

Craig, K.J.; Traversay, C. de; Bowen, Bruce D.; Essemiani, Karim; Levecq, C.; Naylor, Rachel

doi:10.2166/ws.2002.0161

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to gain an understanding of the effect of reactor hydrodynamics on disinfection efficiency and to demonstrate the influence of the inactivation model on predicted performance in a reactor with complex hydrodynamics. Increasingly, CFD is being used in environmental engineering reactor design because of its ability to provide detailed information on coupled fluid‐chemical‐biological processes and its utility in nondestructive testing of new design or process concepts ( Adams and Rodi, 1990 ; Brouckaert and Buckley, 1999 ; Christiansen et al, 2004 ; Craig et al, 2002 ; Do‐Quang et al, 1999 ; Greene, 2003 ; Greene et al, 2001 ; Lainé et al, 1999 ; Wang et al, 2003 ; Zhou et al, 1994 ). Geometry modeling and mesh generation were carried out using ICEM CFD and flow simulation was performed by the CFX5.7 software packages (Ansys Inc., Canonsburg, Pennsylvania).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Disinfection by Peracetic Acid: Assessment of Models for Tracking Residual Measurements and Inactivation

Santoro¹,

Gehr²,

Bartrand³

et al. 2007

Water Environment Research

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With its potential for low (if any) disinfection byproduct formation and easy retrofit for chlorine contactors, peracetic acid (PAA) or use of PAA in combination with other disinfectant technologies may be an attractive alternative to chlorine-based disinfection. Examples of systems that might benefit from use of PAA are water reuse schemes or plants discharging to sensitive receiving water bodies. Though PAA is in use in numerous wastewater treatment plants in Europe, its chemical kinetics, microbial inactivation rates, and mode of action against microorganisms are not thoroughly understood.This paper presents results from experimental studies of PAA demand, PAA decay, and microbial inactivation, with a complementary modeling analysis. Model results are used to evaluate techniques for measurement of PAA concentration and to develop hypotheses regarding the mode of action of PAA in bacterial inactivation. Kinetic and microbial inactivation rate data were collected for typical wastewaters and may be useful for engineers in evaluating whether to convert from chlorine to PAA disinfection. Water Environ. Res., 79, 775 (2007).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Disinfection by Peracetic Acid: Assessment of Models for Tracking Residual Measurements and Inactivation

Santoro¹,

Gehr²,

Bartrand³

et al. 2007

Water Environment Research

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“…For example, prediction of meteorological systems (Kovalets et al, 2008), wind flow and dispersion in urban environments (Solazzo et al, 2009), flooding by rivers (Elíasson et al, 2007) or predicting the efficacy of drinking water installations (Craig et al, 2002;Liu and Ducoste, 2006). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is increasingly applied to investigate and optimise hydraulic processes in a wide range of applications.…”

Section: Cfd Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics in Drinking-Water Treatment

Wols¹

2011

Water Intell Online

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“…contaminant mass transport), through the use of numerical modelling approach. In CFD, the Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the turbulence, species and/or multiphase transport equations governing the fluid flow are approximated to a system of algebraic equations using discretization techniques and are solved iteratively on a computer (Versteeg & Malalasekara 1995;Craig et al 2002;Zhang et al 2008). Finite volume (FV) discretization method is the most wellestablished and thoroughly validated CFD technique used commonly in CFD software packages; for e.g.…”

Section: Cfd Modelling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of conventional velocity gradient (G) using CFD technique for a pilot-scale flocculation system

Vadasarukkai

Gagnon

2010

Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua

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Achieving uniform mixing conditions are essential for the fioccuiation process to optimize floe size and avoid floc-breakup. Limited literature is available on establishing consistent operational conditions and procedures for pilot-scale fioccuiation systems, which have tank sizes smaller than full-scale and larger than jar-test equipment, in this study, the influence of mixing speeds on the determination of the conventional design parameter, the average velocity gradient (G), was investigated for pilot-scale paddle flocculators. The pilot-scale plant for this paper was hosted at the J.D. Kline water Supply Plant (JDKWSP) in Halifax, Canada. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was evaluated as an alternative design technique and compared against traditionally used empirical-based calculations. Comparison of both approaches showed that the G-values of empirical method were substantially higher than the predicted values for rotational speeds greater than 5 rpm. In contrast, CFD predictions found that G-values used for tapered paddle fioccuiation process (up to 60s"^) could be achieved at lower rotational speed (around 15 rpm), which minimizes the power input required for mixing. The practical implications of operating at higher than required G-values relates to potential negative consequences such as floe break up, and the reliance of chemical additives to avoid floe break-up. These very practical outcomes could impact the interpretation of findings from pilot-scale treatment systems. NOMENCLATURE Ap C CD CFD FE FTC FV FD G projected area of paddle (m^) mean tracer concentration (kgm^) drag coefficient on paddle for turbulent flow (dimensionless number) computational fluid dynamics finite element flow through curve finite volume drag force on paddles global root mean square velocity gradient or energy input rate (s~^)

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Hydraulic study and optimisation of water treatment processes using numerical simulation

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Wastewater Disinfection by Peracetic Acid: Assessment of Models for Tracking Residual Measurements and Inactivation

Wastewater Disinfection by Peracetic Acid: Assessment of Models for Tracking Residual Measurements and Inactivation

Computational Fluid Dynamics in Drinking-Water Treatment

Determination of conventional velocity gradient (G) using CFD technique for a pilot-scale flocculation system

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