Hydraulic Study of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Ward, Nicholas D.; Gebert, Jeffrey A.; Weggel, J. Richard

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-950x(2009)135:1(24)

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Generally, M 2 and S 2 amplitudes are higher than observed in the Delaware Bay, while K 1 amplitudes are lower than observed. The largest error is found at Reedy Point and may be caused by the location of the tide gauge; it is inside the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal (C&D Canal), a feature not included in the model that nonetheless influences some dynamical processes in the two estuaries (Ward et al, ; Wong, ). Amplitudes of all three components are well‐simulated at most Chesapeake Bay sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprints of Sea Level Rise on Changing Tides in the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

Ross

Najjar

et al. 2017

JGR Oceans

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Secular tidal trends are present in many tide gauge records, but their causes are often unclear. This study examines trends in tides over the last century in the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays. Statistical models show negative M2 amplitude trends at the mouths of both bays, while some upstream locations have insignificant or positive trends. To determine whether sea level rise is responsible for these trends, we include a term for mean sea level in the statistical models and compare the results with predictions from numerical and analytical models. The observed and predicted sensitivities of M2 amplitude and phase to mean sea level are similar, although the numerical model amplitude is less sensitive to sea level. The sensitivity occurs as a result of strengthening and shifting of the amphidromic system in the Chesapeake Bay and decreasing frictional effects and increasing convergence in the Delaware Bay. After accounting for the effect of sea level, significant negative background M2 and S2 amplitude trends are present; these trends may be related to other factors such as dredging, tide gauge errors, or river discharge. Projected changes in tidal amplitudes due to sea level rise over the 21st century are substantial in some areas, but depend significantly on modeling assumptions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprints of Sea Level Rise on Changing Tides in the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

Ross

Najjar

et al. 2017

JGR Oceans

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“…For the results presented here, we treat the C&D Canal as an inflow river with a constant discharge rate of 350 m 3 /s. The specified flow rate was well within the magnitude of subtidal flux across the Canal in either direction (Wong 1987) but larger and in the opposite direction of long-term residual flux modeled by Ward et al (2009). This implementation was selected based on the modeled salinity calibration in the upper Bay.…”

Section: Chesroms Description and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tidal and subtidal water elevation and flow inside the Canal and their effects on the tidal and non-tidal circulation of the Delaware Bay have been well documented (Najarian et al 1980;Ward et al 2009;Wong 1987Wong , 1990Wong , 1991Wong , 2002Wong and Garvine 1984). However, there have been few detailed investigations on the Chesapeake Bay side and on the salt budget in both systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Climate Forcing and Salinity Variability in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Long

Wiggert

et al. 2011

Estuaries and Coasts

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Salinity is a critical factor in understanding and predicting physical and biogeochemical processes in the coastal ocean where it varies considerably in time and space. In this paper, we introduce a Chesapeake Bay community implementation of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ChesROMS) and use it to investigate the interannual variability of salinity in Chesapeake Bay. The ChesROMS implementation was evaluated by quantitatively comparing the model solutions with the observed variations in the Bay for a 15-year period (1991 to 2005). Temperature fields were most consistently well predicted, with a correlation of 0.99 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.5°C for the period, with modeled salinity following closely with a correlation of 0.94 and RMSE of 2.5. Variability of salinity anomalies from climatology based on modeled salinity was examined using empirical orthogonal function analysis, which indicates the salinity distribution in the Bay is principally driven by river forcing. Wind forcing and tidal mixing were also important factors in determining the salinity stratification in the water column, especially during low flow conditions. The fairly strong correlation between river discharge anomaly in this region and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation suggests that the long-term salinity variability in the Bay is affected by largescale climate patterns. The detailed analyses of the role and importance of different forcing, including river runoff, atmospheric fluxes, and open ocean boundary conditions, are discussed in the context of the observed and modeled interannual variability.

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“…Equation 23 implies that the seventh and eight terms on the right hand side of Eq. 8 remain in place.…”

Section: Strickler's Coefficient As a Function Of Discharge Within A mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The significance of one-dimensional flow models is reflected through their suitability to help solve various hydraulic problems. For example, Ward et al [23] developed a numerical model used to estimate the net flow through the Chesapeake and Delaware canal [23]. Refsgaard et al [17] incorporated an existing 1-D model into an integrated modeling system subsequently applied on the Danubian Lowland [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Calibration and Verification of a 1-D Flow Model for a Looped River Network

Horvat

Isic³

2016

Environ Model Assess

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This paper presents the development, calibration and verification of a looped river network model. After introducing the governing equations, the established numerical model is calibrated employing measurements conducted on the Danube River and its two main tributaries in Serbia, the Sava and Tisa rivers. The calibration is done by altering the Strickler's coefficient using three different approaches, assigning a constant value of the coefficient in a cross section, setting the coefficient as a function of discharge and, finally, connecting the Strickler's coefficient to local depth. The verification is conducted by comparing the computed results, for all three of the considered methods, with measurements for the time interval from January 1st to December 31st of the year 2006. Careful examination of the obtained results helped to select the most suitable calibration method for future reference. The selected approach gave better agreement of computed and measured values, has a clear physical explanation and enables faster and easier calibration.

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Hydraulic Study of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Fingerprints of Sea Level Rise on Changing Tides in the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

Fingerprints of Sea Level Rise on Changing Tides in the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

Climate Forcing and Salinity Variability in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Development, Calibration and Verification of a 1-D Flow Model for a Looped River Network

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