“…As these bacteria produce cellulose by building up bundles of nanofibrils, bacterial cellulose composites can be produced using a bottom‐up approach (Grande, Torres, Gomez, Troncoso, et al, 2009). Bacterial cellulose composites have been produced by modifying the growth media of bacteria, incorporating a second phase such as starch, collagen, hydroxyapatite, carbon nanotubes and graphene, among others (Ccorahua, Troncoso, Rodriguez, Lopez, & Torres, 2017; Grande, Torres, Gomez, & Bañó, 2009; Grande, Torres, Gomez, Troncoso, et al, 2009; Kim, Park, Won, Kim, & Lee, 2013; Sanchis et al., 2017; Torres, Arroyo, & Troncoso, 2019; Zhijiang & Guang, 2011). The incorporation of these second phases has allowed the modification of relevant properties such as biocompatibility (Grande, Torres, Gomez, & Bañó, 2009) and electrical conductivity (Ccorahua et al., 2017; Sanchis et al., 2017; Torres, Ccorahua, Arroyo, & Troncoso, 2019).…”