Hydrocarbon production from decarboxylation of fatty acid without hydrogen

Deoxygenation of fatty acid to produce diesel-like hydrocarbons: A review of process conditions, reaction kinetics and mechanism

“…Besides using catalysts derived from Pd which is high pricerare metal, some researchers also investigated fatty acid deoxygenation using low cost catalysts such as Ni/MgO-Al 2 O 3, Ni/Al 2 O 3 and MgO/Al 2 O 3 in a batch reactor under solvent free and inert [62,81]. Solventless deoxygenation of oleic acid through decarboxylation over hydrotalcite catalysts (MgO/ Al 2 O 3 ) with different MgO contents that has been carried out in an autoclave reactor at 300 1C for 3 h without the use of hydrogen [81].…”

Deactivation behavior of alkali-metal zeolites in the dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid

“…Similar to other carboxylic acids, decarboxylation is enabled by the nucleophilic activation of the carboxylic group. Besides redox-active metal sites such as Fe or Ni [9,10], only strong nucleophilic catalysts accelerate this reaction [11,12]. The mechanism of the dehydration of LA to AA is not yet understood in detail, although a postulation for the intermediate species was made by Gunter et al [13] for the reaction over phosphate catalysts, which could be verified by other groups using infrared and Raman spectroscopy [14].…”

Thermal stability of fatty acids in subcritical water

“…They can also be utilized as feedstock to generate bio-fuels such as biodiesel [2][3][4][5][6] and hydrocarbon fuels such as diesel [7][8][9][10].…”