Hydrochlorination of Methanol to Methyl Chloride in Fixed Catalyst Beds

Production of high-value products including gasoline hydrocarbons from the thermochemical conversion of syngas

“…Methanol can be produced indirectly from the gasification of biomass through the process listed earlier and serves as a reactant to form many other high valued products such as acetic acid [46,47], acetic anhydride [47], BTX [48], chloromethanes [49], dimethyl oxalate [50], dimethyl carbonate [51], ethanol (and other higher alcohols [52]), ethylene [53] , ethylene glycol [54], formaldehyde [55,56], methyl acetate [57], methyl chloride [58], methyl formate [59][60][61], methyl esters [62,63], methyl glycolate [211,64], MTBE [65][66][67][68], methylamines [69][70][71], olefins, [72][73][74], propylene [75] and vinyl acetate [76]. Methanol can be the reactant to form many higher alcohols but one common practice is methanol coupling to form ethanol.…”

Methyl Chloride Synthesis over Metal Chlorides-Modified Mesoporous Alumina Catalyst

“…Methyl chloride is an important material for the production of higher chlorinated products, silicones, rubber and methyl cellulose and is also applied as a methylating agent. Two processes are used in the commercial production of methyl chloride, i.e., the chlorination of methane and the hydrochlorination of methanol [1][2][3][4]. The hydrochlorination of the methanol pathway has attracted much more attention in industry.…”

Gas phase synthesis of isopropyl chloride from isopropanol and HCl over alumina and flexible 3-D carbon foam supported catalysts

“…Two main routes are widely used upon isopropyl chloride production -hydrochlorination of propylene over different catalysts (such as alumina, FeCl3, hydrochlorinated alumina, tellurium compounds) and hydrochlorination of isopropanol over zinc chloride or aluminosilicate catalysts [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Hydrochlorination of alkenes and primary alcohols to synthesise corresponding primary alkyl halides is more preferable than chlorination because of environmental reasons [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Esterification of primary alcohols (methanol, ethanol) over highly porous and non-toxic alumina catalysts was found to be the most environmentally friendly, modern, and efficient route [20][21][22][23].…”

“…Tundo et al reported about hydrochlorination of primary alcohols with longer chains (n-propanol, nbutanol and npentanol) over Lewis acid catalysts supported by silica gel [28]. The reaction kinetics of primary alkyl chlorides synthesis processes was studied only for methyl and ethyl chlorides [18][19][20][21][22][23]. The reaction of isopropanol hydrochlorination has earlier only been studied in liquid phase over ZnCl2 catalysts, resulting in relatively low conversion of reactants to products, low product selectivity and facilitating the need of a separation process [11,12,29].…”