The fundamental mechanism of the improved damping properties of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) contributed by the introduction of hindered phenol was systematically elucidated by two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. 2D IR results revealed the hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) evolution from intermolecular H-bonds to H-bonds network of PVAc/hindered phenol. Subsequent DMA results revealed that the damping properties of PVAc exhibited two different degrees of the improvement due to the addition of hindered phenol. Meanwhile, DSC results showed that all hybrids were miscible as concentration fluctuations change irregularly. According to the XRD observation of only amorphous hindered phenol existing in PVAc matrix, further MD simulation,based on an amorphous cell, characterized the number of H-bonds, the binding energy and the fractional free volume (FFV) of the hybrids. It was observed that the variation tendency of the simulation data was in accordance with the experimental results. * Therefore, the damping mechanism of PVAc/hindered phenol hybrids was proposed through a detailed analysis on the synergy effects of the number of intermolecular H-bonds and binding energy between PVAc and hindered phenol as well as the FFV or dynamic heterogeneity.