Hydrogen fuel cell scooter with plug-out features for combined transport and residential power generation

Abstract

The need for zero emission drive is a global necessity that can contribute to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles are increasingly attracting interest by governments, companies and academia. While parked they can operate as power generation units, given the proper connection to the electricity grid via vehicle-to-grid integration (V2G), or even power appliances directly (Vehicle-to-Load, V2L). In this study, we analysed the use of a hydrogen fuel cell electric scooter in combined driving, V2G and V2L mode. V2G resulted in the most efficient mode of the three, while V2L led to higher degradation rates. The measured average cell voltage degradation rate was 209 mV/h for driving mode, 356 mV/h for V2G and 648 mV/h for V2L. The insights provided in this study are useful to develop new, optimized and specifically targeted energy management systems for power generation of hydrogen hybrid electric drive vehicles.

Energy demand forecasting of remote areas using linear regression and inverse matrix analysis

“…The remainder of the paper is outlined as follows: linear regression analysis (LRA) [10], [11] and inverse matrix calculation (IMC) [11] for energy demand forecasting are briefly discussed in section 2 of this article. After that, a short description of the research location and the data collection are provided.…”

Assessing the operation and different refuelling cost scenarios of a fuel cell electric bicycle under low-pressure hydrogen storage

“…The battery electric bicycle, however, performed environmentally worse during the operating phase [32]. Another benefit of a light-duty hydrogen vehicle such as a FCES was presented by Robledo et al (2019). The authors examined the utilisation of this vehicle type as a V2G or V2L application.…”

“…The results showed that using a FCES for a V2L application degrades significantly the FC, while V2G application is more efficient. Moreover, the main conclusion was that although using a FCES as a grid or load support application in conjunction to the typical driving mode is feasible, a new energy management system would be required to be included in the topology [33].…”

Preparation and Hydrogen-Sensitive Property of WO3/Graphene/Pd Ternary Composite

“…Hydrogen, an eco-friendly and renewable energy source, has gained considerable interest in its wide range of applications, including automobile, fuel cell and space rocket applications [1,2]. However, hydrogen exhibits a colorless, odorless and explosive nature with a low ignition energy (0.02 mJ) and a wide flammable range of 4-74 vol.% in air, leading to many safety issues [3,4].…”