Hydrogen fuel quality for transport – First sampling and analysis comparison in Europe on hydrogen refuelling station (70 MPa) according to ISO 14687 and EN 17124.

Bacquart, Thomas; Moore, Niamh; Storms, Ward; Chramosta, Nathalie; Morris, Abigail; Murugan, Arul; Gozlan, Bruno; Lescornez, Yann; Férat, Sylvie; Pinte, Gilles; Carré, Martine

doi:10.1016/j.jfueco.2021.100008

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Substituting into the compressor displacement equation, the average displacement of the charging process can be determined by Equation ( 16) and (17).…”

Section: Average Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 16 ] At the same time, the European Union identified in its hydrogen strategy that the energy transition must be accompanied by large‐scale deployment of HRS. [ 17 ] However, compared to other developed countries, the hydrogen energy industry in some developing countries started late, and the relevant supporting facilities and technical level are backward. For example, China's hydrogen sources are mainly industrial by‐product hydrogen and waste electricity for hydrogen production from wind power, solar power, and hydroelectric power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Hydrogen‐Filling Process of Fixed Station and Skid Station Based on Different Working Conditions

Wei,

Chang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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Hydrogen energy is recognized as the most potential renewable energy in the 21st century due to the rising depletion of fossil fuels. Hydrogen refilling stations, as the infrastructure of hydrogen energy, are one of the key components of the entire hydrogen energy industry chain. Analyzing the filling process of hydrogen‐refueling stations (HRS) helps to promote the construction of HRSs. Thus, it promotes the construction of a clean, low‐carbon, safe, and efficient energy system and the high‐quality development of the hydrogen energy industry. In this article, gas cylinders with nominal working pressures of 35 and 70 MPa are filled using three different HRSs, such as single‐stage fixed station, three‐stage fixed station, and skid station. The filling end temperature, filling energy consumption, filling rate, and filling time during the filling process are compared and analyzed. In the results, it is shown that skid station has the advantages of lower filling end temperature and less energy consumption. Thus, in terms of reducing energy loss, the skid‐mounted HRSs can be promoted.

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“…Substituting into the compressor displacement equation, the average displacement of the charging process can be determined by Equation ( 16) and (17).…”

Section: Average Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Hydrogen‐Filling Process of Fixed Station and Skid Station Based on Different Working Conditions

Wei,

Chang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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“…The lowest total emissions were for FCEVs that used gaseous hydrogen. A comparison of two sampling methods for a 70 MPa hydrogen refueling station was presented in [39]. The types of fuel cells for a hydrogen vehicle were presented in [40], while in [41][42][43], the ways in which hydrogen is produced and the emissions in the hydrogen production process were analyzed.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Emissions of Battery Electric Vehicles and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Dulău

2023

Clean Technol.

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During the last few years, electric and hydrogen vehicles have become an alternative to cars that use internal combustion engines. The number of electric and hydrogen vehicles sold has increased due to support from local governments and because car manufacturers will stop the production of internal combustion engines in the near future. The emissions of these vehicles while being driven are zero, but they still have an impact on the environment due to their fuel. In this article, an analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for two types of vehicles: battery electric vehicles (BEVs) powered by electricity and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) powered by hydrogen, is presented. The analysis considers different values for the mix of power generation and hydrogen production options in comparison to other studies. The CO2 emissions were calculated and compared for the two types of vehicles. The results show that the CO2 emissions of BEVs are lower when compared to FCEVs if the hydrogen is obtained from pollutant sources and is higher if the hydrogen is obtained from nuclear power and renewable energy sources. When compared to conventional combustion engine vehicles, BEVs have lower CO2 emissions, while the emissions of FCEVs are dependent on the hydrogen production method.

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“…3,4 Among these contaminants, H 2 S is regarded one of the most sensitive impurities for PEMFCs, having a serious detrimental effect on the output cell performance and durability. 5 The total sulfur limit in hydrogen is determined to be stringent for the application of PEMFCs with the limit level of 0.4 ppb according to the ISO standard (14687: 2019), 6 so the limit value of H 2 S may be equivalent or smaller, which is remarkably stricter than that of CO (0.2 ppm) and other impurities (e.g., total halide (0.05 ppm) and total hydrocarbons (2 ppm)), indicating that the poisoning extent of H 2 S on PEMFCs is the most serious among all hydrogen impurities. 7−9 Previously reported literatures have shown that the rate of H 2 S poisoning on PEMFCs is much higher than that of CO under the same operation conditions (4.5 and 19% loss of cell voltage at the current density of 600 mA cm −2 after anode exposure to 30 ppm CO/H 2 and 30 ppm H respectively), 10 showing a strongly relation of H 2 S concentration and current density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these contaminants, H 2 S is regarded one of the most sensitive impurities for PEMFCs, having a serious detrimental effect on the output cell performance and durability . The total sulfur limit in hydrogen is determined to be stringent for the application of PEMFCs with the limit level of 0.4 ppb according to the ISO standard (14687: 2019), so the limit value of H 2 S may be equivalent or smaller, which is remarkably stricter than that of CO (0.2 ppm) and other impurities (e.g., total halide (0.05 ppm) and total hydrocarbons (2 ppm)), indicating that the poisoning extent of H 2 S on PEMFCs is the most serious among all hydrogen impurities. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operatable and Efficient Mitigation Strategies for H₂S Poisoning in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Releasing Pt Reactive Sites for Hydrogen Oxidation

Sun

Cui

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The anode feed for hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) currently still relies on the reformed fuel that inevitably contains contaminants (e.g., CO, H 2 S, and NH 3 ). As one of the most sensitive impurities, trace H 2 S in hydrogen significantly deteriorates the durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), while there is still a lack of effective strategies to mitigate H 2 S poisoning in PEMFCs. Herein, we present two kinds of facile, operatable, and efficient strategies to mitigate a H 2 S-poisoned anode, with the aim of improving the durability of PEMFCs by releasing more Pt reactive sites for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalysis. The first mitigation strategy is conducted by increasing the cell temperature temporarily when purging with pure hydrogen after H 2 S poisoning by means of accelerating H 2 S desorption on Pt sites under high temperatures and thus releasing more available Pt reactive sites for HOR catalysis. A higher temporary temperature leads to a larger recovery percentage of performance, outperforming the effect of the generally adopted pure hydrogen purging operation. Another mitigation strategy is called "internal oxygen permeation", based on the oxidation of sulfur-adsorbed anode by compelling air diffusion through thin PEM via constructing a pressure differential between the cathode and the anode. The cell was found to be recovered more at a high pressure differential due to the fact that more sulfur species are oxidized by a larger content of permeated oxygen, showing ∼88.7% performance recovery for 0.40 bar pressure differential. The proposed strategies with simplicity, operability, and resilience show promising potential in the application of long-term PEMFCs, which is critical for the durability improvement of FCEVs and cost reduction of hydrogen purification.

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Hydrogen fuel quality for transport – First sampling and analysis comparison in Europe on hydrogen refuelling station (70 MPa) according to ISO 14687 and EN 17124.

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Analysis of the Hydrogen‐Filling Process of Fixed Station and Skid Station Based on Different Working Conditions

Analysis of the Hydrogen‐Filling Process of Fixed Station and Skid Station Based on Different Working Conditions

CO2 Emissions of Battery Electric Vehicles and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Operatable and Efficient Mitigation Strategies for H₂S Poisoning in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Releasing Pt Reactive Sites for Hydrogen Oxidation

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Hydrogen fuel quality for transport – First sampling and analysis comparison in Europe on hydrogen refuelling station (70 MPa) according to ISO 14687 and EN 17124.

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Analysis of the Hydrogen‐Filling Process of Fixed Station and Skid Station Based on Different Working Conditions

Analysis of the Hydrogen‐Filling Process of Fixed Station and Skid Station Based on Different Working Conditions

CO2 Emissions of Battery Electric Vehicles and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Operatable and Efficient Mitigation Strategies for H2S Poisoning in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Releasing Pt Reactive Sites for Hydrogen Oxidation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Operatable and Efficient Mitigation Strategies for H₂S Poisoning in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Releasing Pt Reactive Sites for Hydrogen Oxidation