Hydrogeochemistry: an investigation tool to evaluate infiltration into large moving rock masses (case study of La Clapière and Séchilienne alpine landslides)

Guglielmi, Yves; Vengeon, Jean-Marc; Bertrand, Catherine; Mudry, Jacques; Follacci, Jean-Paul; Giraud, A.

doi:10.1007/s10064-001-0144-z

Cited by 61 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The landslide shows a higher hydraulic conductivity than the underlying stable bedrock (Vengeon, 1998;Meric et al, 2005;Le Roux et al, 2011), thus leading to a landslide perched aquifer (Guglielmi et al, 2002). The recharge of the landslide perched aquifer is essentially local, enhanced by the trenches and the counterscarps which tend to limit the runoff and to facilitate groundwater infiltration in the landslide area.…”

Section: Geological Settings and Rainfall Triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recharge of the landslide perched aquifer is essentially local, enhanced by the trenches and the counterscarps which tend to limit the runoff and to facilitate groundwater infiltration in the landslide area. However, the hydrochemical analyses of Guglielmi et al (2002) show that the sedimentary deposits distributed above the landslide hold a perched aquifer which can recharge the landslide perched aquifer. The fractured metamorphic bedrock beneath the landslide contains a deep saturated zone at the base of the slope and an overlying vadose zone.…”

Section: Geological Settings and Rainfall Triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An efficient workflow to accurately compute groundwater recharge for the study of rainfall-triggered deep-seated landslides, application to the Séchilienne unstable slope (western Alps)

Vallet

Bertrand

Fabbri

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Pore water pressure build-up by recharge of underground hydrosystems is one of the main triggering factors of deep-seated landslides. In most deep-seated landslides, pore water pressure data are not available since piezometers, if any, have a very short lifespan because of slope movements. As a consequence, indirect parameters, such as the calculated recharge, are the only data which enable understanding landslide hydrodynamic behaviour. However, in landslide studies, methods and recharge-area parameters used to determine the groundwater recharge are rarely detailed. In this study, the groundwater recharge is estimated with a soil-water balance based on characterisation of evapotranspiration and parameters characterising the recharge area (soil available water capacity, runoff and vegetation coefficient). A workflow to compute daily groundwater recharge is developed. This workflow requires the records of precipitation, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed within or close to the landslide area. The determination of the parameters of the recharge area is based on a spatial analysis requiring field observations and spatial data sets (digital elevation models, aerial photographs and geological maps). This study demonstrates that the performance of the correlation with landslide displacement velocity data is significantly improved using the recharge estimated with the proposed workflow. The coefficient of determination obtained with the recharge estimated with the proposed workflow is 78 % higher on average than that obtained with precipitation, and is 38 % higher on average than that obtained with recharge computed with a commonly used simplification in landslide studies (recharge = precipitation minus non-calibrated evapotranspiration method).

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Section: Geological Settings and Rainfall Triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settings and Rainfall Triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient workflow to accurately compute groundwater recharge for the study of rainfall-triggered deep-seated landslides, application to the Séchilienne unstable slope (western Alps)

Vallet

Bertrand

Fabbri

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Previous studies pointed to the S15 spring, situated downstream of the landslide, drains the water flowing through this unstable area (Guglielmi et al, 2000(Guglielmi et al, , 2002. The water composition and the temporal variability of this spring were consequently studied in the framework of a nine year survey (1995 to 2004).…”

Section: Temporal Variability Of Groundwater Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soil water is considered representing the initial chemical composition of the flowing groundwater (Guglielmi et al, 2002). The mean bicarbonate concentrations of the four samples is 0.1 mmol/L±0.1 (analysis Soil in Table 2) , the pH is 5.5±0,5.…”

Section: Modelling Working Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean bicarbonate concentrations of the four samples is 0.1 mmol/L±0.1 (analysis Soil in Table 2) , the pH is 5.5±0,5. In these steep slopes, the soil is poorly developed and soil water represents the initial chemical composition of the flowing groundwater (Guglielmi et al, 2002). Once infiltrated into the deeper fractures, the organic matter is considered entirely degraded and/or outfiltered and not being further supplied.…”

Section: Modelling Working Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability of the groundwater sulfate concentration in fractured rock slopes: a tool to identify active unstable areas

Binet

Spadini

Bertrand

et al. 2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Water chemical analysis of 100 springs from the Orco and the Tinée valleys (Western Italy and SouthernFrance) and a 7 year groundwater chemistry monitoring of the 5 main springs were performed. All these springs drain from crystalline rock slopes. Some of these drain from currently active gravitational slope deformations.All groundwaters flowing through presently unstable slopes show anomalies in the sulfate concentrations compared to stable aquifers. Particularly, an increase of sulfate concentrations was observed repeatedly after each of five consecutive landslides on the La Clapière slope, thus attesting to the mechanical deformations are at the origin of this concentration change. Significant changes in the water chemistry are produced even from slow (mm/year) and low magnitude deformations of the geological settings.Pyrite nuclei in open fractures were found to be coated by iron oxides. This suggests that the increase of dissolved sulfate relates to oxidative dissolution of Pyrite. Speciation calculations of Pyrite versus Gypsum confirmed that observed changes in the sulfate concentrations is predominantly provided from Pyrite. Calculated amounts of dissolved minerals in the springs water was obtained through inverse modelling of the major ion water analysis data. It is shown that the concentration ratio of calculated dissolved Pyrite versus calculated dissolved gneiss rock allows us to unambiguously Correspondence to: S. Binet (stephane.binet@univ-orleans.fr) distinguish water from stable and unstable areas. This result opens an interesting perspective for the follow-up of sliding or friction dynamic in landslides or in (a) seismic faults.

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Deep fluids can facilitate rupture of slow‐moving giant landslides as a result of stress transfer and frictional weakening

Cappa

Guglielmi

Viseur

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Landslides accommodate slow, aseismic slip and fast, seismic rupture, which are sensitive to fluid pressures and rock frictional properties. The study of strain partitioning in the Séchilienne landslide (France) provides a unique insight into this sensitivity. Here we show with hydromechanical modeling that a significant part of the observed landslide motions and associated seismicity may be caused by poroelastic strain below the landslide, induced by groundwater table variations. In the unstable volume near the surface, calculated strain and rupture may be controlled by stress transfer and friction weakening above the phreatic zone and reproduce well high-motion zone characteristics measured by geodesy and geophysics. The key model parameters are friction weakening and the position of groundwater level, which is sufficiently constrained by field data to support the physical validity of the model. These results are of importance for the understanding of surface strain evolution under weak forcing. Citation: Cappa, F., Y. Guglielmi, S. Viseur, and S. Garambois (2014), Deep fluids can facilitate rupture of slowmoving giant landslides as a result of stress transfer and frictional weakening, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41,[61][62][63][64][65][66]

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Hydrogeochemistry: an investigation tool to evaluate infiltration into large moving rock masses (case study of La Clapière and Séchilienne alpine landslides)

Cited by 61 publications

References 8 publications

An efficient workflow to accurately compute groundwater recharge for the study of rainfall-triggered deep-seated landslides, application to the Séchilienne unstable slope (western Alps)

An efficient workflow to accurately compute groundwater recharge for the study of rainfall-triggered deep-seated landslides, application to the Séchilienne unstable slope (western Alps)

Variability of the groundwater sulfate concentration in fractured rock slopes: a tool to identify active unstable areas

Deep fluids can facilitate rupture of slow‐moving giant landslides as a result of stress transfer and frictional weakening

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