Hydrologic and water quality performance of permeable pavement with internal water storage over a clay soil in Durham, North Carolina

Braswell, Alessandra S.; Winston, Ryan J.; Hunt, William F.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.040

Cited by 75 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Water in the scarified soil took approximately 16 days to exfiltrate completely; given the average dry period was 4.7 days, the scarified soil completely drained only once during the monitoring period. This meant that there was ample time for anaerobic conditions to form in the scarified soil during inter-event periods; Braswell et al (2018) found these conditions develop within 36 hours of the cessation of rainfall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the dissolved and particulate organic matter in the stormwater apparently provided enough carbon for denitrifying bacteria to thrive, since little organic matter is expected in the soil underlying the permeable pavement (B horizon). Denitrification has been observed in a permeable pavement employing IWS (Braswell et al 2018); this occurred in the 72 hours following a storm event, during which the dissolved oxygen present in stormwater declined due to aerobic bacterial respiration. It is theorized that similar processes are occurring in the permeable pavement studied herein, suggesting that an additional carbon source beyond that found in stormwater is not needed for denitrification to occur in the scarified soil beneath permeable pavements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permeable pavements sequester sediment and heavy metals effectively through filtration at the surface course and sedimentation within the storage reservoir (Roseen et al 2012;Drake et al 2014a). Extending detention within permeable pavements using an internal water storage (IWS) zone or throttling the underdrain flow using a valve may increase runoff reduction through exfiltration and create conditions ripe for denitrification (Wardynski et al 2012;Braswell et al 2018). If properly designed and maintained, permeable pavements could provide a first level of water quality treatment within a stormwater harvesting scheme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water quality performance of a permeable pavement and stormwater harvesting treatment train stormwater control measure

et al. 2020

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Stormwater runoff from urban development causes undesired impacts to surface waters, including discharge of pollutants, erosion, and loss of habitat. A treatment train consisting of permeable interlocking concrete pavement and underground stormwater harvesting was monitored to quantify water quality improvements. The permeable pavement provided primary treatment and the cistern contributed to final polishing of total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity concentrations (>96%) and loads (99.5% for TSS). Because of this, >40% reduction of sediment-bound nutrient forms and total nitrogen was observed. Nitrate reduction (>70%) appeared to be related to an anaerobic zone in water stored in the scarified soil beneath the permeable pavement, allowing denitrification to occur. Sequestration of copper, lead, and zinc occurred during the first 5 months of monitoring, with leaching observed during the second half of the monitoring period. This was potentially caused by a decrease in pH within the cistern or residual chloride from deicing salt causing de-sorption of metals from accumulated sediment. Pollutant loading followed the same trends as pollutant concentrations, with load reduction improved vis-à-vis concentrations because of the 27% runoff reduction provided by the treatment train. This study has shown that permeable pavement can serve as an effective pretreatment for stormwater harvesting schemes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water quality performance of a permeable pavement and stormwater harvesting treatment train stormwater control measure

et al. 2020

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“…Palmer et al [19] found that the removal rate of NO3 --N increased from 33% in the bioretention systems without SZ to 71% in those with SZ. Manka et al [20] found that the activity of denitrifying microorganisms increased in the field-scale bioretention systems with SZ, which consequently contributed to the more complete removal of NO3 --N. By monitoring NO3 --N concentration in SZ of bioretention systems every 24 hours after rainfall events, Braswell, et al [21] revealed that denitrification might mainly occur in SZ. Furthermore, the NO3 --N removal performance of a bioretention system could be affected by the depth of SZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On one hand, it is difficult to distinguish the effects on nitrogen removal at different periods and locations in bioretention systems. On the other hand, the effects of SZ during dry periods varied with many factors, such as influent nitrogen concentration [30], influent volume or flux [31], rainfall intensity and ADP [21], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of the Submerged Zone during Dry Periods to Nitrogen Removal in a Bioretention System

He¹,

Qin²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

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Adding a submerged zone (SZ) is deemed to promote denitrification during dry periods and thus improve NO3--N removal efficiency of a bioretention system. However, few studies had investigated the variation of nitrogen concentration in the SZ during dry periods and evaluated the effect of the variation on nitrogen removal of the bioretention system. Based on the experiment in a mesocosm bioretetion system with SZ, this study investigated the variation of nitrogen concentration of the system under 17 consecutive cycles of wet and dry alternation with varied rainfall amount, influent nitrogen concentration and antecedent dry periods (ADP). The results indicated that (1) during the dry periods, NH4+-N concentrations in SZ showed an exponential decline trend, decreasing by 50% in 12.9 ± 7.3 hours; while NO3--N concentrations showed an inverse S-shape decline trend, decreasing by 50% in 18.8 ± 6.4 hours; (2) during the wet periods, NO3--N concentration in the effluent showed an S-shape upward trend; and at the early stage of the wet periods, the concentration was relatively low and significantly correlated with ADP, while the corresponding volume of the effluent was significantly correlated with the SZ depth; (3) in the whole experiment, the contribution of nitrogen decrease in SZ during dry periods to NH4+-N and NO3--N removal accounted for 12% and 92%, respectively; and the decrease of NO3--N in SZ during the dry period was correlated with the influent concentration in the wet period and the length of the dry period.

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Permeable Pavement

2022

Green Stormwater Infrastructure Fundamentals and Design

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Hydrologic and water quality performance of permeable pavement with internal water storage over a clay soil in Durham, North Carolina

Cited by 75 publications

References 42 publications

Water quality performance of a permeable pavement and stormwater harvesting treatment train stormwater control measure

Water quality performance of a permeable pavement and stormwater harvesting treatment train stormwater control measure

Importance of the Submerged Zone during Dry Periods to Nitrogen Removal in a Bioretention System

Permeable Pavement

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