Hydrolysis kinetics of (-)-sparteine-copper(II) halide

A Mimic Molecule of Blue Copper Protein Active Site [(−)-Sparteine-N,N‘](maleonitriledithiolato- S,S‘)copper(II)

“…Over the past three decades, several studies on copper(II) complexes of the neutral alkaloid (−)-sparteine (SP) have been reported. , The crystal structures of copper(II) sparteine complexes with chloride, nitrate, and acetate have been determined, and the copper(II) centers in these complexes are always found to have a distorted tetrahedral geometry …”

[(6R,7S,8S,14R)-(–)-α-Isosparteine-κ2N,N′]bis(nitrito-κ2O,O′)copper(II)

“…The copper(II) (À)-sparteine complexes are usually four-coordinate and tetrahedrally distorted around the approximately squareplanar copper(II) ion, as a result of the steric requirements imposed by the bulky chelating (À)-sparteine ligand (Choi et al, , 2004Kim et al, 2001Kim et al, , 2002Kim et al, , 2003Lee et al, 2000Lee et al, , 2003Lopez et al, 1998). The chiral diamine alkaloid, (À)sparteine, has three diastereomers, namely (À)-l-sparteine (C 15 H 26 N 2 ), (À)--isosparteine (-C 15 H 26 N 2 ) and (À)-isosparteine (-C 15 H 26 N 2 ), and has been utilized extensively in medicinal chemistry (Cady et al, 1977), in the asymmetric synthesis of chiral compounds (Beak et al, 1996) and in the preparation of a model compound of the type I copper(II) sites in copper proteins (Kim et al, 2001). Although fourcoordinate copper(II) compounds with (À)-l-sparteine, (À)--isosparteine and (À)--isosparteine have similar tetrahedrally distorted square-planar structures, the different conformations of three (À)-sparteine diastereomers in these compounds impose different degrees of steric effect on the geometry around the copper(II) centre.…”

Dichloro[(6R,7S,8S,14S)-(–)-sparteine-κ2N,N′]nickel(II)

“…(À)-Sparteine (sp), a naturally occurring tertiary diamine, has attracted research attention and has been used in medicinal chemistry (Cady et al, 1977), in the asymmetric synthesis of chiral compounds (Kretchmer, 1972;Mason & Peacock, 1973;Beak et al, 1996) and in the preparation of a model compound for the type I copper(II) site in metalloproteins (Kim et al, 2001). The structures of several metal(II) sparteine complexes of type [MX 2 (sp)] (M = Co II , Cu II and Zn II , and X = Cl À , Br À and N 3 À ) have been reported, and the metal moieties in these compounds are known, without exception, to have a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry (Kuroda & Mason, 1979;Lopez et al, 1998;Lee et al, 2000;Kim et al, 2001Kim et al, , 2003Lee, Kwon et al, 2003).…”