Hydrolyzable Tannins from Sweet Chestnut Fractions Obtained by a Sustainable and Eco-friendly Industrial Process

Campo, Margherita; Pinelli, Patrizia; Romani, Annalisa

doi:10.1177/1934578x1601100323

Cited by 43 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The calves assigned to group T received Effydral® (Italy Zoetis Ltd.) in 2 L of warm water plus 10 g of chestnut tannins as extract powder (750 g/kg of dry matter equivalent of tannic acid; Mauro Saviola Group srl, Radicofani, Siena, Italy) q24h. The chemical composition of the powder is described in Campo et al (2016) [24]. The powder adopted in the present study was produced in a single batch and analyzed by the manufacturer at the beginning of the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral administration of chestnut tannins to reduce the duration of neonatal calf diarrhea

et al. 2018

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BackgroundNeonatal calf diarrhea is generally caused by infectious agents and is a very common disease in bovine practice, leading to substantial economic losses. Tannins are known for their astringent and anti-inflammatory properties in the gastro-enteric tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the oral administration of chestnut tannins (Castanea sativa Mill.) in order to reduce the duration of calf neonatal diarrhea. Twenty-four Italian Friesian calves affected by neonatal diarrhea were included. The duration of the diarrheic episode (DDE) was recorded and the animals were divided into a control group (C), which received Effydral® in 2 l of warm water, and a tannin-treated group (T), which received Effydral® in 2 l of warm water plus 10 g of extract of chestnut tannins powder. A Mann-Whitney test was performed to verify differences for the DDE values between the two groups.ResultsThe DDE was significantly higher in group C than in group T (p = 0.02), resulting in 10.1 ± 3.2 and 6.6 ± 3.8 days, respectively.ConclusionsPhytotherapic treatments for various diseases have become more common both in human and in veterinary medicine, in order to reduce the presence of antibiotic molecules in the food chain and in the environment. Administration of tannins in calves with diarrhea seemed to shorten the DDE in T by almost 4 days compared to C, suggesting an effective astringent action of chestnut tannins in the calf, as already reported in humans. The use of chestnut tannins in calves could represent an effective, low-impact treatment for neonatal diarrhea.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral administration of chestnut tannins to reduce the duration of neonatal calf diarrhea

et al. 2018

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“…Gallic acid (peak 1), myricetin-3-O-glucoside (peak 3), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (peak 4), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (peak 7), ellagic acid (peak 8), kaempherol-3-O-rutinoside (peak 9), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (peak 10), and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (peak 11), were positively identified in comparison with the DAD and MS spectrums of the commercial phenolic compounds standards (Extrasynthese, Genay, France). [43,44], burs [6,8,25,45], leaves [46], and heartwood [47,48]. The only ellagitannin found corresponded to peak 2 ([M-H] − at m/z 937) and was identified as a trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose, also known as chestanin A, with a characteristic MS 2 fragment at m/z 301 (ellagic acid) and suffered the loss of gallic acid (m/z 767) and the fragments m/z 635 and 465 were ascribed to the loss of hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) and gallic acid.…”

Section: Phenolic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Phenolic Profile of Castanea sativa Mill. By-Products and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity against Multiresistant Bacteria

et al. 2020

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The chestnut industry generates a large amount of by-products. These agro-industrial wastes have been described as potential sources of phenolic compounds with high bioactive potential. Therefore, we aimed to extract the phenolic compounds from chestnut by-products and assess their antioxidant potential and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria. The individual phenolic compounds in the ethanolic extracts of chestnut shell, inner shell, bur, and leaves were characterized by HPLC-DAD/electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS. The antioxidant properties were determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method against 10 bacterial strains. The major phenolic compounds identified in the extracts were trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose, gallic acid, quercetin, and myricetin glycoside derivatives. All chestnut by-products presented promising antioxidant activity in both assays, with leaf samples the ones presenting the highest antioxidant capacity. The inner shell’s extract was effective against all Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria; nevertheless, all extracts showed antibacterial activity. Staphylococcus epidermidis showed susceptibility to all extracts while none of the extracts was able to suppress the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis. Chestnut by-products are a source of phenolic compounds with prominent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Nevertheless, further studies should be conducted to assess the correlation between phenolic compounds and the bioactivities obtained.

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“…Extraction with ecocompatible solvents, mainly water, eventually with low percentages of ethilic alcohol, is a suitable method to recover interesting and important bioactive compounds from vegetal matrices [ 83 , 84 ]. This technique, suitable for integration with other processes within biorefinery plants, is ecologically and economically sustainable, as water does not involve high costs, it can be more easily disposed of, and, above all, it can be recovered almost pure while concentrating the extracts to be reintroduced into the production process [ 85 , 86 , 87 ].…”

Section: A Grape Seed Biorefinery: a Picture Of Italian Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Compounds from Grape Seeds: A Biorefinery Approach

Lucarini¹,

Durazzo²,

Romani

et al. 2018

Molecules

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Food and agricultural waste represents a growing problem with negative effects on the economy, environment, and human health. Winemaking produces byproducts with high added value, which can be used for new productions in several application fields. From the perspective of biorefinery and circular economy, grape seeds could be exploited by extracting bioactive compounds with high added value before using biomass for energy purposes. The markets concerned are, in addition to the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals sectors, which use bioactive compounds, the sector of biopolymeric materials and of energy for the production of biohydrogen and biomethane. Generally, bioactive components should be investigated through an integrated and multidisciplinary study approach based on emerging analytical techniques; in this context, attention is addressed towards green and sustainable procedures; an update of extraction techniques, innovative technologies, and chemometrics are described. Nowadays, processes so far tested on a pilot scale for grape waste are developed to enhance the extraction yields. Here, a picture of the Italian experience applied to the byproducts of the wine industry is given.

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Hydrolyzable Tannins from Sweet Chestnut Fractions Obtained by a Sustainable and Eco-friendly Industrial Process

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Oral administration of chestnut tannins to reduce the duration of neonatal calf diarrhea

Oral administration of chestnut tannins to reduce the duration of neonatal calf diarrhea

Evaluation of the Phenolic Profile of Castanea sativa Mill. By-Products and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity against Multiresistant Bacteria

Bio-Based Compounds from Grape Seeds: A Biorefinery Approach

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