Hydrophilic Chitosan Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications

Cohen, Erez; Poverenov, Elena

doi:10.1002/chem.202202156

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Chitosan is a natural cationic polysaccharide with good biosafety. 37 It has positive charges that can interact with the negatively charged plasma membrane on the capillary endothelium. 38 This allowed SeNPs to cross the BSCB and be partially distributed at the site of injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Encapsulation of Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin in Macrophage-Derived Cell Membranes for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

Liu,

Sun,

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Spinal cord injury is an impact-induced disabling condition. A series of pathological changes after spinal cord injury (SCI) are usually associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. These pathological changes eventually lead to paralysis. The short half-life and low bioavailability of many drugs also limit the use of many drugs in SCI. In this study, we designed nanovesicles derived from macrophages encapsulating selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and metformin (SeNPs-Met-MVs) to be used in the treatment of SCI. These nanovesicles can cross the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and deliver SeNPs and Met to the site of injury to exert anti-inflammatory and reactive oxygen species scavenging effects. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the SeNPs-Met-MVs particle size was approximately 125 ± 5 nm. Drug release assays showed that Met exhibited sustained release after encapsulation by the macrophage cell membrane. The cumulative release was approximately 80% over 36 h. In vitro cellular experiments and in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that SeNPs-Met-MVs decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and reduced the expression of inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3) cytokines in spinal cord tissue after SCI. In addition, motor function in mice was significantly improved after SeNPs-Met-MVs treatment. Therefore, SeNPs-Met-MVs have a promising future in the treatment of SCI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, chitosan was used in this study to improve the ability of SeNPs to cross the BSCB. Chitosan is a natural cationic polysaccharide with good biosafety . It has positive charges that can interact with the negatively charged plasma membrane on the capillary endothelium .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulation of Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin in Macrophage-Derived Cell Membranes for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

Liu,

Sun,

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The specific chemical nature of the alkyl or acyl group of the derivatizing agents allows the introduction of several functional groups, resulting in the fine tuning of the physicochemical properties of the CHT derivatives [ 37 ]. For example, the introduction of hydrophilic groups [ 38 ], such as carboxylic [ 39 ], sulfates and sulfonates [ 40 ], or phosphate groups [ 41 ], which at suitable pH are in their anionic form, allows to obtain CHT derivatives, with properties variable as a function of the substitution’s degree. As the main result, these derivatives may become soluble in water at neutral pH; and have better coordination ability towards metal cations, tunable viscosity, hydrogel forming ability, and different biological activity spanning from anticoagulant to antibacterial effects.…”

Section: Chitosan Functionalities: Friend or Foe?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Based Biomaterials: Insights into Chemistry, Properties, Devices, and Their Biomedical Applications

et al. 2023

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Chitosan is a marine-origin polysaccharide obtained from the deacetylation of chitin, the main component of crustaceans’ exoskeleton, and the second most abundant in nature. Although this biopolymer has received limited attention for several decades right after its discovery, since the new millennium chitosan has emerged owing to its physicochemical, structural and biological properties, multifunctionalities and applications in several sectors. This review aims at providing an overview of chitosan properties, chemical functionalization, and the innovative biomaterials obtained thereof. Firstly, the chemical functionalization of chitosan backbone in the amino and hydroxyl groups will be addressed. Then, the review will focus on the bottom-up strategies to process a wide array of chitosan-based biomaterials. In particular, the preparation of chitosan-based hydrogels, organic–inorganic hybrids, layer-by-layer assemblies, (bio)inks and their use in the biomedical field will be covered aiming to elucidate and inspire the community to keep on exploring the unique features and properties imparted by chitosan to develop advanced biomedical devices. Given the wide body of literature that has appeared in past years, this review is far from being exhaustive. Selected works in the last 10 years will be considered.

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“…Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine, [72] and is a non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable alternative to hydrophilic hydrogels. [73,74] (Figure 2b) Chitosan contains one amino group and two hydroxyl groups in its repeating glycosidic units, making it an ideal material for drug systems.…”

Section: Inhibit Local Apoptosis and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel and Nanomedicine‐Based Multimodal Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury

Yin,

Liang,

Han

et al. 2023

Small Methods

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurodegenerative disease caused by mechanical and biological factors, manifesting as a loss of motor and sensory functions. Inhibition of injury expansion and even reversal of injury in the acute damage stage of SCI are important strategies for treating this disease. Hydrogels and nanoparticle (NP)‐based drugs are the most effective, widely studied, and clinically valuable therapeutic strategies in the field of repair and regeneration. Hydrogels are 3D flow structures that fill the pathological gaps in SCI and provide a microenvironment similar to that of the spinal cord extracellular matrix for nerve cell regeneration. NP‐based drugs can easily penetrate the blood‐spinal cord barrier, target SCI lesions, and are noninvasive. Hydrogels and NPs as drug carriers can be loaded with various drugs and biological therapeutic factors for slow release in SCI lesions. They help drugs function more efficiently by exerting anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and nerve regeneration effects to promote the recovery of neurological function. In this review, the use of hydrogels and NPs as drug carriers and the role of both in the repair of SCI are discussed to provide a multimodal strategic reference for nerve repair and regeneration after SCI.

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Hydrophilic Chitosan Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Encapsulation of Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin in Macrophage-Derived Cell Membranes for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

Encapsulation of Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin in Macrophage-Derived Cell Membranes for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

Chitosan-Based Biomaterials: Insights into Chemistry, Properties, Devices, and Their Biomedical Applications

Hydrogel and Nanomedicine‐Based Multimodal Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury

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