Hydroponic Culture of Grass Plants for Physiological Ecxperiments<sup>1</sup>

Howard, Harold F.; Watschke, T. L.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183x002400050040x

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Individual plants of each cultivar were hydroponically cultured in a greenhouse preparative system maintained at approximately 19 to 23 •c as previously described (4). The plants were cultivated in this manner until they reached 75 mg fresh weight, then were transferred to similar hydroponic systems constructed in controlled environment chambers.…”

Section: Materiai~s and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable High‐Temperature Tolerance among Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars

Howard¹,

Watschke

1991

Agronomy Journal

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The tolerance to chronic high‐temperature stress varies greatly among Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) cultivars. This study of photosynthesis characteristics was conducted to determine whether such traits differ among cultivars and contribute to variable hightemperature tolerance. High‐temperature‐tolerant cultivars exhibited superior growth rates at 30 °C but growth rates were similar among cultivars at 10 °C. At 10 °C, fructosan comprised an approximately two‐fold larger portion of the plant dry weight than at 30 °C, however nonstructural carbohydrate fractions did not differ among cultivars. Under each experimental temperature, the sum of glucose, fructose, and sucrose fractions was approximately the same, though the relative concentrations were temperature dependent. Apparently fructosan served as a buffer fraction that allowed the sum of the other nonstructural fractions to remain constant. Photosynthetic response to increased leaf temperature was similar among cultivars but differed among acclimation temperature regimes. Net photosynthetic rates varied by as much as one‐third among cultivars, however, with a positive relationship between net photosynthetic rates and high‐temperature tolerance. These differences were not attributable to differential CO2 diffusive resistances. This evidence indicated that high‐temperature‐tolerant cultivars were capable of sustaining superior net photosynthetic rates under high but not low temperature conditions. It is suspected that cultivar differences in photosynthetic electron transport capacity may have caused this trend.

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Section: Materiai~s and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable High‐Temperature Tolerance among Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars

Howard¹,

Watschke

1991

Agronomy Journal

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“…The difficulty of evaluating turfgrass root growth under field conditions has prompted some researchers to use hydroponics as a method of root growth evaluation (Arnott et al, 1974; Erusha, 1986; Howard and Watschke, 1984; Kopec, 1985; Spomer, 1975). In this study we investigated top growth and rooting responses of tall fescue cultivars, experimental lines, and growth types grown in hydroponics under greenhouse conditions.…”

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Top Growth and Rooting Responses of Tall Fescue Cultivars Grown in Hydroponics

1999

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since the introduction of turf-type cultivars (Funk et al., 1981(Funk et al., , 1984. Beard (1973) and Turgeon (1985) reported Use of turf-type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) as a tall fescue had better high temperature tolerance and reduced-input and drought-resistant turfgrass species has increased in recent years. Several growth types of tall fescue have been identified.drought resistance than other cool-season turfgrasses. Erusha (1986) and Kopec (1985) reported tall fescue classified as turf type and dwarf type. Turf-and dwarf-type tall fescues clonal differences for top growth and rooting responses, may lack the potential drought-avoidance characteristics associated but did not study differences among cultivars. Carrow with cultivars like Kentucky 31. This study was conducted in hydropon- (1996) and Qian et al. (1997) reported on tall fescue ics under greenhouse conditions to determine whether potential differrooting responses and drought-avoidance characterences in top and root growth responses exist among tall fescue cultiistics. Concerns have been expressed about the rooting responses of cultivars vars, experimental lines, and growth types. Sixteen cultivars andThe difficulty of evaluating turfgrass root growth experimental lines, representing four growth types (i.e., dwarf, turf, under field conditions has prompted some researchers intermediate, and forage) were evaluated. Tall fescue cultivars, experito use hydroponics as a method of root growth evaluamental lines, and growth types differed in top growth and rooting responses. All cultivars and lines, except 'Jaguar' and 'Kenhy', pro-tion (Arnott et al., 1974; Erusha, 1986; Howard and duced roots to the 600-to 750-mm sampling depth. Dwarf-and turf- Watschke, 1984; Kopec, 1985;Spomer, 1975). In this type cultivars and lines had the best responses for total root production study we investigated top growth and rooting responses and distribution under the conditions of this study. 'Silverado', 'Eldorwas added to cover the black surface and reduce potential dan,

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