Hydrostatic levelling systems: Measuring at the system limits

Meier, Edi; Geiger, Alain; Ingensand, Hilmar; Licht, Hans; Limpach, Philippe; Steiger, Andreas; Zwyssig, Roger

doi:10.1515/jag.2010.009

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Hydrostatic leveling [ 40 ] is a potentially effective alternative for providing continuous and very precise measurements if coupled with devices able to provide automatic continuous readings. On the other hand, such systems require a network of pipes for connecting benchmark points, whose deployment may be difficult and expensive in pre-existing dam structures.…”

Section: Geodetic and Gnss Sensors For Precise Measurement At Specmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring

Scaioni

Marsella

Crosetto

et al. 2018

Sensors

135

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In recent years, the measurement of dam displacements has benefited from a great improvement of existing technology, which has allowed a higher degree of automation. This has led to data collection with an improved temporal and spatial resolution. Robotic total stations and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) techniques, often in an integrated manner, may provide efficient solutions for measuring 3D displacements on precise locations on the outer surfaces of dams. On the other hand, remote-sensing techniques, such as terrestrial laser scanning, ground-based SAR (synthetic aperture radar) and satellite differential interferometric SAR offer the chance to extend the observed region to a large portion of a structure and its surrounding areas, integrating the information that is usually provided in a limited number of in-situ control points. The design and implementation of integrated monitoring systems have been revealed as a strategic solution to analyze different situations in a spatial and temporal context. Research devoted to the optimization of data processing tools has evolved with the aim of improving the accuracy and reliability of the measured deformations. The analysis of the observed data for the interpretation and prediction of dam deformations under external loads has been largely investigated on the basis of purely statistical or deterministic methods. The latter may integrate observation from geodetic, remote-sensing and geotechnical/structural sensors with mechanical models of the dam structure. In this paper, a review of the available technologies for dam deformation monitoring is provided, including those sensors that are already applied in routinary operations and some experimental solutions. The aim was to support people who are working in this field to have a complete view of existing solutions, as well as to understand future directions and trends.

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Section: Geodetic and Gnss Sensors For Precise Measurement At Specmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring

Scaioni

Marsella

Crosetto

et al. 2018

Sensors

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the territory, the basis with benchmarks was divided on the distances from the scanner of 5 m, 10 m, and further by every 10 meters up to 120 meters, so 13 benchmarks were obtained. Horizontal coordinates and vertical control points are obtained using tacheometer and level in a common coordinate system (Meier et al, 2010). The installation height of the scanner was 1.80 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Field Studies Of the Tls Accuracy Characteristics On The Examentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field Surveying on the Geodetic Control of Engineering Linear Structures Using a Terrestrial Laser Scanner

Pikilnyak

Naminat

Palamar

2019

Geodesy and Cartography

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The method of geodetic control of the road pavement using TLS is presented. The use of the terrestrial laser scanner can avoid some of the disadvantages of classical methods for determining the deformation of objects. One of the main of them is a small amount of information about the position of individual parts of the object, in this case, linear engineering structures. The proposed technique for terrestrial laser scanning of pavement in order to determine its actual spatial position and real geometric shape allows to perform the required set of works with the least labor and time costs, and also to obtain data for further monitoring. The technique involves the construction of a three-dimensional model of pavement for its evaluation over a certain time interval with a similar model. In order to determine the coordinates by the TLS, the special spheres of known diameter were used. During the measurements, tribrachs on tripods were used, in which the spheres alternately changed to reflectors to eliminate the centering error. The accuracy of determining the coordinates of the temporary survey network relative to the base station was no more than ±27 mm. The accuracy estimation of the temporary survey network coordinates made in the “LeicaGeoOffice” software is presented. The network of permanent stations in Ukraine was used to determine the coordinates, the errors were calculated as the RMS deviation.

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“…2b). Hydrostatic leveling is mainly used for high precision deformation monitoring (compare Meier et al, 2011), and it has been applied in long-distance measurements (Waalenwijn, 1964).…”

Section: Determination Of Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%