Hydrothermal liquefaction of various biomass and waste feedstocks for biocrude production: A state of the art review

Dimitriadis, A; Bezergianni, Stella

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.120

Cited by 469 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

172

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because the trend of the increase in biofuels production and consumption worldwide, further upgrading the bio-oil to biodiesel and green diesel are of interest [15,16]. The HTL technology for conversion of different feedstock has been extensively reviewed in the literature [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages of HTL of manure include: (1) Wet manure can be converted directly without the need of an energy-intensive drying process [19]; (2) HTL simultaneously treats and sterilizes the wastes; and (3) the bio-crude oil often possesses a higher energy content (ranging 21-35 MJ/kg) than original feedstock (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) MJ/kg) [20]. Comprehensive review of this topic can be found in the literature [11,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Because of the increase in concentrated animal feeding operations, there is a growing interest in sustainable manure management. In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of dairy manure enhanced by various chemicals (NH 3 ·H 2 O, H 3 PO 4 , and glycerol) was proposed as a sustainable alternative for the dairy manure management. The applications of NH 3 ·H 2 O and H 3 PO 4 during HTL could significantly enhance the production of liquid chemicals. The addition of NH 3 ·H 2 O or glycerol increased the amounts of non-polar toluene, xylene, and other benzene-contained compounds, while the use of H 3 PO 4 produced high amounts of acids, pyridine, 3-methyl-pyridine, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2-cyclopenten-1-ones, and phenols. The biochars produced via HTL showed a significant increase in the surface area/pore volume and relatively higher N, P, C, and other minerals, and may serve as a good soil amendment and nutrient source. The preliminary energy analyses showed that the energy consumption of this process might be reduced to 50% of the original energy content of the feedstock, and the energy payback period was about 3.5 years. Combining all advantages, HTL of dairy manure might increase the sustainability of the farming operation via producing energy products, fine chemicals, and biochars.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a more general examination to validate model reliability, when compared to woody biomass experiments in [54] (not used to constraint the model), for non-catalytic processing conditions, the model matches the reported ranges. Also same could be said if the model is compared to the experimental data compiled in [6]. If compared to the earlier Figure 4 for the HTL reactor yield, it is observed that more than 50% of organic compounds have ended up in aqueous residue in the form water-soluble organics.…”

Section: Liquefaction Reactor Systemmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Direct liquefaction or HTL of solid carbon was historically developed for coal due to the oil crisis in the early 1970s [5]. More recently, literature based on experimental batch investigations has redirected the focus to the conversion of a wide variety of green carbonaceous slurries [6]. Pilot scale setups have been reported for continuous operation with model compounds that depict constituents of biomass slurries [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic Assessment of Integrated Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Combined Heat and Power Production from Lignocellulose Residues

Magdeldin

Kohl

Järvinen

2017

J. sustain. dev. energy water environ. syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Waste biomass as a mean for global carbon dioxide emissions mitigation remains under-utilized. This is mainly due to the low calorific value of virgin feedstock, characterized generally with high moisture content. Aqueous processing, namely hydrothermal liquefaction in subcritical water conditions, has been demonstrated experimentally to thermally densify solid lignocellulose into liquid fuels without the pre-requisite and energy consuming drying step. This study presents a techno-economic evaluation of an integrated hydrothermal liquefaction system with downstream combined heat and power production from forest residues. The utilization of the liquefaction by-products and waste heat from the elevated processing conditions, coupled with the chemical upgrading of the feedstock enables the poly-generation of biocrude, electricity and district heat. The plant thermal efficiency increases by 3.5 to 4.6% compared to the conventional direct combustion case. The economic assessment showed that the minimum selling price of biocrude, based on present co-products market prices, hinders commercialization and ranges between 138 EUR to 178 EUR per MWh. A sensitivity analysis and detailed discussion on the techno-economic assessment results are presented for the different process integration and market case scenarios.

show abstract

“…Biomass is one of the widespread, abundant, and sustainable renewable energies in the world. It gains tremendous attention over the last decade for biomass‐based biofuel production through thermochemical conversion technologies . Drying as the prior step for most thermochemical ways, such as combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification would consume a lot of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina platensis : Focusing on aqueous phase characterization

Zhang

Chen

2019

Int J Energy Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae under alkaline and acidic conditions has been widely investigated. However, limited data are available on the mechanism of aqueous phase formation during liquefaction. In the present work, we conducted a detailed characterization of the aqueous phase from hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina platensis using acetic acid and potassium hydroxide as the catalyst. GC‐MS analysis revealed that a large proportion of nitrogen‐based heteroatom compounds and few oxygen‐based heterocycle compounds were presented in all the aqueous phase. All the aqueous phase displayed alkalescence and a high level of total organic carbon. Whereas, the addition of potassium hydroxide reduced the total organic carbon and the average molecular weight of the aqueous phase. The conventional liquefaction converted the Spirulina platensis to plenty of water‐soluble amides, while these compounds were apt to form acids under both the alkaline and acidic catalysts. Based on the analyses, the general reaction frameworks for the catalytic liquefaction were also proposed.

show abstract

Hydrothermal liquefaction of various biomass and waste feedstocks for biocrude production: A state of the art review

Cited by 469 publications

References 71 publications

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

Hydrothermal Liquefaction Enhanced by Various Chemicals as a Means of Sustainable Dairy Manure Treatment

Techno-economic Assessment of Integrated Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Combined Heat and Power Production from Lignocellulose Residues

Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina platensis : Focusing on aqueous phase characterization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About