Hydroxychloroquine and Risk of Diabetes in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autophagy in adipose tissue and the beta cell: implications for obesity and diabetes

“…On the other hand, several clinical trials suggest beneficial metabolic effects for anti-malaria agents that prevent acidification of lysosome-related compartments [100]. This would suggest that inhibition of autophagy or other lysosomal functions may turn out to be beneficial, probably due to inhibition of hepatic insulin degradation [101] or, as more recently proposed, by inhibiting lysosome-dependent lipolysis in adipose tissue macrophages [11].…”

Effect of Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Efavirenz with and without Chloroquine in Patients with HIV/AIDS C3: Double Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial

“…Also, such tests showed a tendency towards an improved lipid profile in the chloroquine group at six months follow up and, although time of follow up was short, there are reports about the favorable features of antimalarials towards dyslipidemia and diabetes development. We believe a research about this should be considered in patients with dyslipidemia or glycemic dysregulation associated with antiretrovirals [18,19]. The T CD4+ cells count was below than 100/mcL at baseline in both groups, which added to the opportunistic diseases, and confirmed a C3 CDC stage at the beginning of therapy.…”

The Effect of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment on Blood Sugar Level, Serum Lipid Profile and the Retina in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

“…So, our study aimed to investigate the association between HCQ treatment use and diabetes mellitus risk in SLE patients. The mechanism of action of HCQ as a hypoglycemic drug appears in those patients through the better control of glucose levels , improve insulin secretion, decreased insulin resistance, and lower levels of hemoglobin A1c [10,32].…”

“…HCQ had a hypoglycaemic effect in patient with SLE due to different reasons as the inhibition of intracellular degradation of insulin [9,10]. The risk of incident diabetes was found to be reduced with increased duration of therapy [11][12][13].…”