Hygroscopic properties of particulate matter and effects of their interactions with weather on visibility

Won, Wan-Sik; Oh, Rosy; Lee, Woojoo; Ku, Sung-Kwan; Su, Pei-Chen; Yoon, Yong‐Jin

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95834-6

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Figure 9 shows the occurrence frequency of precipitation during the five clusters. Due to the positive precipitation anomaly (Table 3) and easterly backward trajectory (Figure 6), there is a positive relative humidity anomaly in C2 of Type-one events, which is beneficial for the hygroscopic growth of aerosols and leads to an increase in PM 2.5 concentration (Wang et al, 2019b;Won et al, 2021). The scavenging process and physical removal mechanism of PM are determined by different precipitation intensities (Andronache, 2003;Chate et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Meteorological Cause For the Seesaw Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai

Sun

Wang

2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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With the implementation of various stringent emission reduction measures since 2013 in China, significant declines in fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations have occurred nationwide. However, China has suffered from increasing levels of ozone pollution in eastern urban areas. Many studies focus on the chemical interaction between PM2.5 and O3, but the meteorological mechanisms of the seesaw variation pattern between them are still unclear. Taking the megacity Shanghai (SH) as an example, we explored the meteorological causes of two types of PM2.5-O3 concentration variation seesaw events, i.e., high PM2.5 concentration with low O3 concentration (Type-one) events and low-PM-high-O3 (Type-two) seesaw events. The backward trajectories of the 144 Type-one events are divided into three clusters. Among the three clusters of Type-one seesaw events, the boundary layer height decreases by 20.53%–53.58%, and the wind speed decreases by 17.99%–28.29%, which is unfavorable for the diffusion of local air pollutants and contributes to the accumulation of PM2.5. Additionally, a backward air mass with a high content of PM2.5 plays an important role in the Type-one events, especially in the case of cluster one. In terms of cluster two, the increase in cloud cover, decrease in solar radiation and increase in relative humidity also promote the hygroscopic growth of aerosols and suppress the production of O3. As for cluster three, higher cloud cover and relative humidity contribute to the seesaw pattern of PM and O3. The 64 Type-two seesaw events are divided into two clusters. O3-rich air masses from the nearby east sea surface and remote northeast China increase the local O3 of SH. Moreover, in cluster one, high boundary layer depth and wet deposition contribute to the decrease in PM2.5 concentration. In cluster two, a obvious decrease in cloud cover and increase in solar radiation are also favorable for the photochemical production of ozone. The results will provide suggestions for the government to use to take measures to improve the air quality of SHs.

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Section: Meteorological Cause For the Seesaw Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai

Sun

Wang

2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The interactions between aerosol particles and water vapor play key roles in the atmosphere. Their fates are intricately connected and influence air quality, atmospheric chemistry, and climate . Based on aerosol flux and turnover of global water vapor and cloud water, it is estimated that water vapor, on average, condenses and evaporates 10 times before finally precipitating and that, on average, each aerosol particle has been cycled through the global cloud system three times .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Missed Evaporation from Atmospherically Relevant Inorganic Mixtures Confounds Experimental Aerosol Studies

Rissler

Preger

Eriksson

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Sea salt aerosol particles are highly abundant in the atmosphere and play important roles in the global radiative balance. After influence from continental air, they are typically composed of Na + , Cl − , NH 4 + , and SO 4 2− and organics. Analogous particle systems are often studied in laboratory settings by atomizing and drying particles from a solution. Here, we present evidence that such laboratory studies may be consistently biased in that they neglect losses of solutes to the gas phase. We present experimental evidence from a hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer and an aerosol mass spectrometer, further supported by thermodynamic modeling. We show that, at normally prevailing laboratory aerosol mass concentrations, for mixtures of NaCl and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , a significant portion of the Cl − and NH 4 + ions are lost to the gas phase, in some cases, leaving mainly Na 2 SO 4 in the dry particles. Not considering losses of solutes to the gas phase during experimental studies will likely result in misinterpretation of the data. One example of such data is that from particle water uptake experiments. This may bias the explanatory models constructed from the data and introduce errors inte predictions made by air quality or climate models.

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“…In China, the estimated number of PM 2.5 -related deaths reached 1.1 million in 2015, increasing by 0.15 million compared with 1990 [8]. In addition to adverse effects on human health, PM 2.5 pollution also contributes significantly to visibility degradation, climate change, and economic loss [9][10][11]. As revealed in previous research, the PM 2.5 -related economic loss in China in 2016 reached USD 101 billion, which was nearly 1% of China's GDP [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers and Decoupling Effects of PM2.5 Emissions in China: An Application of the Generalized Divisia Index

Wang

Zhang

Cheng

2023

IJERPH

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Although economic growth brings abundant material wealth, it is also associated with serious PM2.5 pollution. Decoupling PM2.5 emissions from economic development is important for China’s long-term sustainable development. In this paper, the generalized Divisia index method (GDIM) is extended by introducing innovation indicators to investigate the main drivers of PM2.5 pollution in China and its four subregions from 2008 to 2017. Afterwards, a GDIM-based decoupling index is developed to examine the decoupling states between PM2.5 emissions and economic growth and to identify the main factors leading to decoupling. The obtained results show that: (1) Innovation input scale and GDP are the main drivers for increases in PM2.5 emissions, while innovation input PM2.5 intensity, emission intensity, and emission coefficient are the main reasons for reductions in PM2.5 pollution. (2) China and its four subregions show general upward trends in the decoupling index, and their decoupling states turn from weak decoupling to strong decoupling. (3) Innovation input PM2.5 intensity, emission intensity, and emission coefficient contribute largely to the decoupling of PM2.5 emissions. Overall, this paper provides valuable information for mitigating haze pollution.

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Hygroscopic properties of particulate matter and effects of their interactions with weather on visibility

Cited by 21 publications

References 67 publications

Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai

Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai

Missed Evaporation from Atmospherically Relevant Inorganic Mixtures Confounds Experimental Aerosol Studies

Drivers and Decoupling Effects of PM2.5 Emissions in China: An Application of the Generalized Divisia Index

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