Hyperglycaemia and mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular disease in five populations of Asian origin

Nakagami, Tomoko

doi:10.1007/s00125-004-1334-6

Cited by 306 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In the DECODA study, more than half the patients with diabetes had isolated postprandial hyperglycaemia [70], which is additionally a powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease and premature death [71]. DPP-4 inhibitors are known to reduce both FPG and PPG [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors between Asians and non-Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2013

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Aims/hypothesis The aim of this work was to compare the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors between Asian and non-Asian patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and conference proceedings. Studies were eligible if they were randomised controlled trials with a treatment duration of at least 12 weeks, compared a DPP-4 inhibitor with a placebo as either monotherapy or oral combination therapy, had information on ethnicity and HbA 1c values and were published or described in English. A systematic review and meta-analysis with a meta-regression analysis was conducted. Results Among 809 potentially relevant studies, 55 trials were included. A meta-analysis revealed that DPP-4 inhibitors lowered HbA 1c to a greater extent in studies with ≥50% Asian participants (weighted mean difference [WMD] −0.92%; 95% CI −1.03, −0.82) than in studies with <50% Asian participants (WMD −0.65%; 95% CI −0.69, −0.60). The between-group difference was −0.26% (95% CI −0.36, −0.17, p<0.001). The baseline BMI significantly correlated with the HbA 1c -lowering efficacy of DPP-4 inhibitors. The RR of achieving the goal of HbA 1c <7.0% (53.0 mmol/mol) was higher in studies with ≥50% Asian participants (3.4 [95% CI 2.6, 4.7] vs 1.9 [95% CI 1.8, 2.0]). The fasting plasma glucose-lowering efficacy was higher with monotherapy in the Asiandominant studies, but the postprandial glucose-lowering efficacy and changes in body weight were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions/interpretation DPP-4 inhibitors exhibit a better glucose-lowering efficacy in Asians than in other ethnic groups; this requires further investigation to understand the underlying mechanism, particularly in relation to BMI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors between Asians and non-Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2013

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“…The DECODE study examined 22 adult European cohorts for diabetes, and Ͼ27,000 people were followed up for mortality for an average of 11 years (17). The DECODA study followed five cohorts of Japanese and Indian origin (18). We used the RR of deaths in 3,482 Asian Indians living in Mauritius and Fiji to recalculate the number of deaths for Southeast Asia and compared it with the number of deaths derived using published RRs of dying from studies conducted in Europe and the U.S.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Mortality Attributable to Diabetes

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE -To estimate the global number of excess deaths due to diabetes in the year 2000.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We used a computerized generic formal disease model (DisMod II), used by the World Health Organization to assess disease burden through modeling the relationships between incidence, prevalence, and disease-specific mortality. Baseline input data included population structure, age-and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence, and available published estimates of relative risk of death for people with diabetes compared with people without diabetes. The results were validated with population-based observations and independent estimates of relative risk of death.RESULTS -The excess global mortality attributable to diabetes in the year 2000 was estimated to be 2.9 million deaths, equivalent to 5.2% of all deaths. Excess mortality attributable to diabetes accounted for 2-3% of deaths in poorest countries and over 8% in the U.S., Canada, and the Middle East. In people 35-64 years old, 6 -27% of deaths were attributable to diabetes.CONCLUSIONS -These are the first global estimates of mortality attributable to diabetes. Globally, diabetes is likely to be the fifth leading cause of death. Diabetes Care 28:2130 -2135, 2005D iabetes is a serious illness with multiple complications and premature mortality, accounting for at least 10% of total health care expenditure in many countries (1). However, routinely reported statistics based on death certification seriously underestimate mortality from diabetes (2), because individuals with diabetes most often die of cardiovascular and renal disease and not from a cause uniquely related to diabetes, such as ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia (3).Most international mortality statistics, including those published by the World Health Organization (WHO), are based solely on the "underlying cause of death" as recorded on the death certificate, even in the presence of other information. Complex methods have been developed for estimating cause-specific mortality for some conditions (AIDS, tuberculosis) but not for diabetes (4).Based on routine statistics, recent World Health Reports estimated mortality from diabetes in the world as 987,000 deaths for the year 2002 (5), which was 1.7% of total world mortality. There were estimated to be at least 170 million people with diabetes in the world in the year 2000 (6); therefore, mortality attributable to diabetes could be expected to be much higher, since diabetes is a serious and chronic condition. The aim of this study was to provide a more realistic estimate of the number of deaths attributable to diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Model and dataTo estimate the number of deaths attributable to diabetes in the year 2000, we used a software program, DisMod II, developed for the Global Burden of Disease 2000 study (7,8) and routinely used by WHO for disease estimates. The DisMod II disease model is that of a multistate life table that describes a single disease. There are two causes of death, from the disease and from "all othe...

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“…The subjects of the I/C group consumed at breakfast a 250 ml can (250 kcal) of PBF (Inslow, previously designated as MHN-01; the composition are reported previously (Arai et al 2004), as shown in Table 1; Meiji Dairies Corporation, Odawara) together with foods that were 250 kcal less than their usual breakfast to hyperglycemia has also been considered a risk factor for cardiovascular complications (Tominaga et al 1999;Temelkova-Kurktscheive et al 2000;Risso et al 2001;Chiasson et al 2002;Hanefeld et al 2004;Nakagami et al 2004). Many experimental and epidemiological studies have shown that increased postprandial plasma glucose (PG) levels may have equally or even more harmful effects than fasting hyperglycemia (Tominaga et al 1999;Temelkova-Kurktscheive et al 2000;Risso et al 2001;Nakagami et al 2004), and the reduction of postprandial plasma glucose levels delays the development of cardiovascular complications (Chiasson et al 2002;Hanefeld et al 2004). Postprandial hyperglycemia is a recognized consequence of the effects of both insulin resistance and the impairment of early insulin secretion in response to an oral glucose load (Reaven and Miller 1968;Bruce et al 1988;Lillioja et al 1988).…”

Section: Study Protocol and Traits Examinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Palatinose-Based Balanced Formula Improves Glucose Tolerance, Serum Free Fatty Acid Levels and Body Fat Composition

Oizumi

Daimon

Jimbu

et al. 2007

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Palatinose is a disaccharide present in honey, which has the characteristics of delayed digestion and absorption. We developed a palatinosebased balanced formula (PBF) and reported its beneficial effects on metabolic syndromerelated parameters in rats. To examine the effects of PBF in humans, we here conducted a crossover study using twenty-three subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. The subjects were divided into two groups: intervention to control (I/C) and control to intervention (C/I) groups. The I/C group consumed PBF (250 kcal) together with foods that were 250 kcal less than their usual breakfast (intervention meal) for the first 12 weeks, followed by their usual breakfast (control meal) for the last 12 weeks. The protocol for the C/I group was opposite in order: the control meal for the first 12 weeks, followed by the intervention meal for the last 12 weeks. In the first 12-week period, the intervention meal decreased 2-hr plasma glucose levels after 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (-15.7 ± 20.1% change), while the control meal did not (0.8 ± 31.6% change). The difference between these changes was significant ( p = 0.038). The similar results were obtained from the comparison of the changes between the first and the last 12-week periods in the two groups combined (intervention vs control: -11.8 ± 22.5 vs 11.2 ± 30.2% change, p = 0.024). PBF also had the beneficial effects on serum free fatty acids levels and visceral fat area. In conclusion, PBF consumption has beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome-related parameters in humans.palatinose; free fatty acid; visceral fat area; glucose tolerance; metabolic syndrome © 2007 Tohoku University Medical Press As shown in many studies, sustained hyperglycemia is a risk factor for both microvascular and macrovascular (or cardiovascular) complications in type 2 diabetes (DM) (Laakso and Lehto 1997; UK Prospective Diabetes Study group 1998; Bretzel et al. 1998), while postprandial

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Hyperglycaemia and mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular disease in five populations of Asian origin

Abstract: For prediction of premature death, 2-h PG was superior to FPG in several Asian populations.

Cited by 306 publications

References 52 publications

Differences in the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors between Asians and non-Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Differences in the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors between Asians and non-Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Burden of Mortality Attributable to Diabetes

A Palatinose-Based Balanced Formula Improves Glucose Tolerance, Serum Free Fatty Acid Levels and Body Fat Composition

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