Hyperpyrexia Among Infants Younger Than 3 Months

Stanley, Rachel; Pagon, Zrinka; Bachur, Richard G.

doi:10.1097/01.pec.0000159073.47691.38

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is because in our study, children with temperature range of 39.5-40°C were much younger (70% < 24mths) while those with temperature >40°C were older (57% > 24mths), as shown in Table 1. Although hyperpyrexia has been documented to be associated with higher risk for sepsis, guidelines on management of febrile children recommends that, height of body temperature alone should not be used to identify children with high risk for bacterial infection but the age of the child should also be taken into account 6,7,16 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The National institute for health and clinical excellence (NICE) guide lines for management of febrile children in the United Kingdom recommends empiric antibiotic be given to children with suspected serious bacterial infection. 6 Considering that the prevalence of bacterial infections among febrile children in ambulatory clinic setting is 1.1% in the United States of America, few febrile children would actually require empiric antibiotics prescription 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empiric antibiotic prescription among febrile under-five Children in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria

Onubogu¹,

Anochie²

2014

Nig. J. Paed.

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Background: More than 97% of febrile infants and young children have self-limiting viral infection and therefore, would not require antibiotics. Over prescription of antibiotics increases antibiotics exposure and development of resistance among patients. There is need to evaluate empiric antibiotic prescription in order to limit its use to only febrile children with bacterial infection. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of empiric antibiotic prescription among febrile underfive, post neonatal children presenting in the children outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt teaching hospital. Method: Febrile Children aged 29 days to <60 months who presented in the outpatient clinic were recruited from September 2010 to January 2011. Their weight, biodata, symptoms, Physician's diagnosis, and names of antibiotic prescribed were entered into a predetermined proforma and analysed. Result: A total of 362 children with male to female ratio of 1.03:1 were studied. Two hundred and eighty three (78.2%) febrile children received empiric antibiotic prescriptions. The most frequent antibiotic prescribed was amoxicillin 80 (28.3%). Children aged 1-12months received the highest number of prescriptions 113 (80.7%). There was no significant relationship between age, temperature level, weight for age, number of symptoms and frequency of antibiotic prescription (p>0.05). Upper respiratory tract infection (83.7 %) and diarrhea (55.9%) were significantly associated with empiric antibiotic prescription (P=0.05 and 0.002 respectively). Conclusion: Empiric antibiotic prescription for febrile under-five children is a common practice in UPTH. Physicians should therefore reduce the frequency of antibiotics prescription in febrile children unless there is clinical evidence of bacterial infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empiric antibiotic prescription among febrile under-five Children in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria

Onubogu¹,

Anochie²

2014

Nig. J. Paed.

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“…The height of body temperature may have some diagnostic and prognostic implications. Some studies have attributed high grade fevers in infants to serious bacterial infections [33], although others have also shown that children with high fevers are at equally high risk for serious bacterial infections and for viral illness [34].…”

Section: Classification Types and Patterns Of Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever, fever patterns and diseases called ‘fever’ – A review

Ogoina

2011

Journal of Infection and Public Health

240

163

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Summary Fever is a prominent feature of disease since antiquity. The febrile response is orchestrated by the central nervous system through endocrine, neurological, immunological and behavioural mechanisms. Other than a regulated rise in body temperature, fever is often accompanied by various sickness behaviours, changes in metabolic and physiological characteristics of body systems and alterations in immune responses. Fever and the febrile response, therefore, remain significant contributors to the pathogenesis, clinical presentation and outcome of many illnesses and diseases.This review highlights the pathophysiology of the febrile response and describes the fever types and patterns, including their clinical significance. The various medical illnesses called ''fever'' are also listed and the origins of their appellations discussed.

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“…However, they acknowledged that the predictive value of hyperpyrexia in identifying individual infants with serious bacterial infection is low. Stanley et al [19] also reported a high (38%) prevalence of bacterial infection among children with temperatures >40°C when compared with those with lower temperatures. Hyperpyrexia, especially in young infants, is known to be a risk factor for bacterial infection when assessing febrile children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Factors associated with bacteraemia in febrile, non-neonatal children <5 years old at the paediatric outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Onubogu¹,

Anochie

2015

S Afr J CH

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Background. Fever is one of the most common presenting symptoms in the emergency room. Bacteraemia can be a cause of febrile illness in children and can have a fatal outcome if untreated. Therefore, it is important to identify factors associated with bacteraemia in febrile children in order to aid its early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Objectives. To determine the factors associated with bacteraemia among febrile, non-neonatal, under-five children seen in the Children's Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Methods. Febrile children aged 29 days-59 months who presented at the outpatient clinic and whose parents gave consent were recruited between September 2010 and January 2011. Information on their age, gender, weight, symptoms, physical examination and blood culture results was collected and analysed. Results. A total of 362 children were studied. The prevalence rate of bacteraemia was 11.5% and 22.2% in moderately and severely malnourished children, respectively (p=0.010). Children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) had the highest bacteraemia prevalence rate (66.7%; p<0.001), while children with focal infection and children with fever without other symptoms or signs had bacteraemia rates of 7.1% and 3.7%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the magnitude of fever and bacteraemia (p>0.050). Conclusion. Blood cultures should be performed in febrile children who are malnourished or who have SIRS. Antibiotics should also be commenced while blood culture results are awaited.

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Hyperpyrexia Among Infants Younger Than 3 Months

Abstract: Hyperpyrexia is rare among febrile infants younger than 3 months. One-third of infants with temperature > or =40.0 degrees C had SBI. Future management algorithms might include hyperpyrexia as a risk factor for serious infection.

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Empiric antibiotic prescription among febrile under-five Children in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria

Empiric antibiotic prescription among febrile under-five Children in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria

Fever, fever patterns and diseases called ‘fever’ – A review

Factors associated with bacteraemia in febrile, non-neonatal children <5 years old at the paediatric outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

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