Hypertension as an independent risk factor for severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study

Chen, Jiankun; Liu, Yuntao; Qin, Jinying; Ruan, Chunyan; Zeng, Xianghui; Xu, Aiting; Yang, Rongyuan; Li, Jiqiang; Cai, Huayang; Zhang, Zhongde

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140674

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, the two factors with the greatest association with the development of a HAPI in COVID-19 patients were diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. This association may be due to the established relationship between increased rates of hospital admission, severity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with these comorbidities [ 16 – 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 inpatient pressure injuries? Experiences in Internal Medicine Units

et al. 2022

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Background Pressure Injuries (PIs) are major worldwide public health threats within the different health-care settings. Objective To describe and compare epidemiological and clinical features of PIs in COVID-19 patients and patients admitted for other causes in Internal Medicine Units during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Design A descriptive longitudinal retrospective study. Setting This study was conducted in Internal Medicine Units in Salamanca University Hospital Complex, a tertiary hospital in the Salamanca province, Spain. Participants All inpatients ≥18-year-old admitted from March 1, 2020 to June 1, 2020 for more than 24 hours in the Internal Medicine Units with one or more episodes of PIs. Results A total of 101 inpatients and 171 episodes were studied. The prevalence of PI episodes was 6% and the cumulative incidence was 2.9% during the first-wave of COVID-19. Risk of acute wounds was four times higher in the COVID-19 patient group (p<0.001). Most common locations were sacrum and heels. Among hospital acquired pressure injuries a significant association was observed between arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients with COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion During the first wave of COVID-19, COVID-19 patients tend to present a higher number of acute wounds, mainly of hospital origin, compared to the profile of the non-COVID group. Diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension were identified as main associated comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 inpatient pressure injuries? Experiences in Internal Medicine Units

et al. 2022

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“…Likewise, the odds of death were five times higher among diabetic patients with hypertension comorbidity than those without hypertension [(AOR= 5.01; 95% CI: 2.40, 10.60), p<0.001]. Former studies conducted in China and Nigeria also showed the association of hypertension with increased mortality of COVID-19 patients (30-33). The exact pathologic link between hypertension and COVID-19 is unclear yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Former studies conducted in China and Nigeria also showed the association of hypertension with increased mortality of COVID-19 patients (30)(31)(32)(33). The exact pathologic link between hypertension and COVID-19 is unclear yet.…”

Section: Socio-demographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of mortality among COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022: An unmatched case-control study

Sibhat

Tsegaw

Zewde

et al. 2022

Preprint

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IntroductionCOVID-19 remains one of the leading causes of death seeking global public health attention. Diabetes mellitus is associated with severity and lethal outcomes up to death independent of other comorbidities. Nevertheless, information regarding the determinant factors that contributed to the increased mortality among diabetic COVID-19 patients is limited. Thus, this study aimed at identifying the determinants of mortality among COVID-19 infected diabetic patients.MethodsAn unmatched case-control study was conducted on 340 randomly selected patients by reviewing patient records. Data were collected using a structured extraction checklist, entered into Epi data V-4.4.2.2, and analyzed using SPSS V-25. Then, binary logistic regression was used for bivariate and multivariable analysis. Finally, an adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI and a p-value of less than 0.05 was used to determine the strength of association and the presence of a statistical significance consecutively.ResultsThe study was conducted on 340 COVID-19 patients (114 case and 226 controls). Patient age (AOR=4.90; 95% CI: 2.13, 11.50), severity of COVID-19 disease (AOR=4.95; 95% CI: 2.20, 11.30), obesity (AOR=7.78; 95% CI: 4.05, 14.90), hypertension (AOR=5.01; 95% CI: 2.40, 10.60), anemia at presentation (AOR=2.93; 95% CI: 1.29, 6.65), and AKI after hospital admission (AOR=2.80; 95% CI: 1.39, 5.64) had statistically significant association with increased mortality of diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection. Conversely, presence of RVI co-infection was found to be protective against mortality (AOR=0.35; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.90).ConclusionPatient age (<65years), COVID-19 disease severity (mild and moderate illness), presence of hypertension, obesity, anemia at admission, and AKI on admission was independently associated with increased mortality of diabetic COVID-19 patients. Contrariwise, the presence of RVI co-infection was found to be protective against patient death. Consequently, COVID-19 patients with diabetes demand untiring efforts, and focused management of the identified factors will substantially worth the survival of diabetic patients infected with COVID-19.What is already known on this topic?Diabetes mellitus is associated with severity and lethal outcomes up to death independent of other comorbidities. Previous studies indicated that diabetic patients have almost four times increased risk of severe disease and death due to COVID-19 infection. Consequently, with this increased mortality and other public health impacts, numerous reports have been evolved worldwide on the link between COVID-19 and DM, and diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, information regarding the determinant factors that lead to the increased mortality among diabetic COVID-19 patients is not well-studied yet.What this study adds?Patient age (<65years), COVID-19 disease severity (mild and moderate illness), presence of hypertension, obesity, anemia at admission, and AKI on hospital admission were independently associated with increased mortality of COVID-19 patients with DM.In addition, RVI co-infection was found to be protective against patient death.

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“…Stress, as a risk factor causing hypertension, particularly in the case of white coat hypertension (WCHT), is a threat to increase the severity of COVID-19. 1 , 2 , 3 Therefore, this brief letter focuses on WCHT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this respect, managing WCHT can be prioritized to avoid severe COVID-19 and cardiovascular events. 2 , 4 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

White coat hypertension during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Nasiri¹,

Dimitrova²,

Wrbas

2023

Journal of Dental Sciences

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Hypertension as an independent risk factor for severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Are there differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 inpatient pressure injuries? Experiences in Internal Medicine Units

Are there differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 inpatient pressure injuries? Experiences in Internal Medicine Units

Determinants of mortality among COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022: An unmatched case-control study

White coat hypertension during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

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