“…Results of thyroid studies in patients with Down syndrome have been conflicting: some studies have suggested normal (Simon et al 1954, Friedman 1955, Pearce et al 1963, Saxena & Pryles 1965 or diminished (Aarskog 1969, Baxter et al 1975, Murdoch et al 1977 thyroid function, and other single case reports have described the association of Down syndrome with hyperthyroidism (McGirr & Murray 1956, Esen & Mautner 1957, Diggle & Weetch 1958, Johnson & Cook 1962, Kay & Esselborn 1963, Azizi et al 1974. Several investigators have found an increased prevalence of thyroid antibodies (Saxena & Pryles 1965, Fialkow 1970) and goiter (Ruvalcaba et al 1969).…”