Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment

Yuan, George Y.; Alshali, Khalid Z.; Hegele, Robert A.

doi:10.1503/cmaj.060963

Cited by 514 publications

(452 citation statements)

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“…Monogenic disorders that cause abnormal levels of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides have received much attention due to their role in metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. While these disorders often present clinically during adulthood, some present in the pediatric population and can have serious consequences if misdiagnosed or untreated [4]. Hypertriglyceridemia is defined as having plasma triglyceride above the 95th percentile for age and sex [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, evidence suggests that presentation during infancy can be heterogeneous and may include other signs such as pallor, anemia, jaundice, irritability, and diarrhea. These manifestations are variable in the time and severity of presentation [4]. One study conducted in Quebec, Canada, in which LPL deficiency was demonstrated in 16 infants who presented with heterogeneous features, irritability, pallor, anemia, and gastrointestinal bleed, while others presented with splenomegaly and positive family history.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5]. Early diagnosis is important to prevent complications such as acute and chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic necrosis, although pancreatic function often deteriorates very slowly [4,9]. Cardiovascular risk may also be increased in these patients, though evidence has been inconclusive [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Infant with Milky Blood : An Unusual but Treatable Case of Familial Hyperlipidemia

2012

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Hyperlipidemia is increasing prevalent risk factor in children, concomitant with worldwide epidemic of obesity. Lipid disorder can occur either as primary event or secondary to an underlying disease. The primary dyslipidemia are associated with overproductions/or impaired removal of lipoprotein. The latter defect can be induced by an abnormality in either the lipoprotein itself or in the lipoprotein receptor. A 2 month old male baby was found to have highly viscous and milky serum. S. Cholesterol was 2,200 mg/dl and triglycerides 13,292 mg%. There was no dysmorphic feature. Child was anemic and had hepatosplenomegaly and xanthomas. There was positive history of hyperlipidemia in first maternal cousin. Parents of index case had normal lipid profile. The child was put on lipid lowering agents, Iron drops, medium chain fatty acid.Keywords Hypertriglyceridemia Á Xanthoma Á Milky serum Case ReportA 2 month old male baby was admitted in emergency with excessive cry and abdominal distention. The baby was younger of two siblings, born at term by normal vaginal delivery with birth weight of 3 kg with uneventful antenatal natal and postnatal periods. The child was on exclusively breast feeding since birth.During sampling, his blood was found to be highly viscous and milky (Fig. 1). The child was active and had hepatosplenomegaly and xanthomas (Fig. 2) without dysmorphic features. The child has normal Liver and kidney function test with sterile urine and blood cultures. Ultrasonography showed hepatosplenomegaly with normal liver texture. Electrocardiography and echocardiography results were within normal limits. Ophthalmological examination revealed lipemia retinalis (Fig. 3).Serum was analyzed by using Becman Coulter USA in which LDL, VLDL, HDL done by electrophoresis, TG and S. Cholesterol by Spectrophotometry and Apo A, Apo B S. lipase by immunoturbidimetric technique. Results are obtained as S. cholesterol 2,200 mg/dl (\170 mg/dl), S. triglycerides 13,292 mg% (\150 mg/dl), HDL 94 mg/dl (40-60 mg/dl), VLDL 426 mg/dl (\30 mg/dl), LDL 463.5 mg/dl (\110 mg/dl). Other investigations are Apo B 163 mg/dl (55-140 mg/dl), Apo A 175 mg/dl (110-225 mg/dl), S. lipase 163 mg/dl (0-8 mg/dl), S. amylase 13 U/l, T3 10.8 ng/ml, T4 10.4 lg/dl, TSH 2.4 lIU/ml, S. ca 9.8 mg/dl, S. Phosphorus 3.50 mg/dl, S. Uric acid 5.0 mg/dl, ALP 743 U/l. Routine blood counts revealed Hb \ 8 g/dl.Other sibling and both parents of index case had normal lipid profiles. No history of convulsion, jaundice, bleeding manifestation, skin rash, any premature sudden death or any known case of hyperlipidemia in family members. Developmental milestones were achieved at appropriate age.The child was put on lipid lowering agents, medium chain fatty acid formula, intravenous fluid and blood transfusion given. Lipid profile was repeated after 15 days which showed blood red in color (Fig. 4) with lowering lipid contents as S. cholesterol 984 mg% (normal \ 170 mg%), S. triglycerides 7,828 mg% (normal \ 150 mg%), HDL 94 mg% (normal range 40-60 mg%), VLDL 126 mg% ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Infant with Milky Blood : An Unusual but Treatable Case of Familial Hyperlipidemia

2012

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“…Non-pharmacologic treatment of hypertriglyceridemia includes weight reduction, dietary modification and physical activity. Among dietary modifications, reducing intakes of overall energy and dietary fat, including saturated and trans fat intake, but increasing o-3 fatty acids, are often recommended (Yuan et al, 2007). A wise choice of both the amount and the type of dietary fat is helpful for the management of hypertriglyceridemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols decreases body fat and blood triglyceride in Chinese hypertriglyceridemic subjects

et al. 2009

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Objectives: To investigate the effects of medium-and long-chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) on blood triglyceride (TG) in Chinese hypertriglyceridemic subjects. Methods: A double-blind controlled clinical trial was carried out, in which 112 subjects with hypertriglyceridemia were randomly divided into two dietary oil groups: (1) long-chain triacylglycerol (LCT) and (2) MLCT. All subjects were requested to ingest fixed energy and to continue their normal activity levels, and to consume LCT or MLCT oil at 25-30 g daily during the study period. Anthropometric measurements of body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat, body fat percentage, waist and hip circumference (WC and HC), areas of subcutaneous and visceral fat by computed tomography scanning and blood biochemical markers were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Results: There were 50 and 51 subjects left in LCT and MLCT groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in daily intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate, as well as the daily physical activity between the two groups during the study. After 8 weeks, MLCT group showed a significant decrease in body weight, BMI, WC, HC, ratio of WC and HC, body fat, body fat percentage and subcutaneous fat when compared with the initial values. The decrease in body weight, BMI, WC, body fat and subcutaneous and visceral fat was significantly greater in MLCT group than that in the LCT group. Furthermore, the serum concentrations of TG in MLCT group were significantly lower than those in the LCT group. Conclusions: Consumption of MLCT may reduce body weight, body fat and blood TG in hypertriglyceridemic subjects under an appropriate dietary regime.

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“…Isso porque, segundo alguns pesquisadores, programas com mais de 12 semanas de duração são capazes de promover a redução do LDL-colesterol e do TRI, e aumento do HDL-colesterol 36,37,38 , o que foi confirmado por Lavis et al 2 na população de lesão medular.…”

Section: Escala De Borgunclassified

Efeitos da prática da natação adaptada sobre o perfil bioquímico e o estado de condicionamento físico de indivíduos com lesão medular

Almeida¹,

Barbosa

Dias

et al. 2011

Medicina (Ribeirão Preto)

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Introdução: A ausência de exercícios físicos gerada pela imobilização dos membros inferiores conduza mudanças na composição corporal que geralmente estão associadas com o desequilíbrio da taxametabólica que somados ao estado sedentário podem resultar em obesidade, diabetes mellitus edoenças cardiovasculares. Assim, a melhora do condicionamento físico pode contribuir para promoçãode saúde e qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. Como existe um número muito reduzido de pesquisasnesse sentido, nossa proposta foi investigar os efeitos de um programa de natação adaptada, emprotocolo intervalado, para pessoas com lesão medular, tendo como objetivo verificar a melhora do seucondicionamento físico e, conseqüentemente, de algumas variáveis bioquímicas importantes para asaúde. Metodologia: Participaram do estudo 17 indivíduos com lesão medular, sedentários, distribuí-dos em 2 grupos: 11 participantes do grupo treinamento (GT) e 6 do grupo controle (GC). No GT foiaplicado um protocolo de treinamento intervalado em natação, durante oito semanas consecutivas, 3vezes por semana. O protocolo empregou a braçada do nado peito, nos períodos de trabalho de intensidade moderada a intensa, e a braçada do nado costas, nos períodos de recuperação ativa. O GC nãoparticipou de nenhuma atividade física. Em ambos os grupos foi realizada a coleta de sangue para aanálise bioquímica, antes (avaliação) e após (reavaliação) o programa de natação. Resultados e Discussão: As concentrações de triglicerídeos, colesterol total e LDL-colesterol não apresentaram altera-ções significativas da avaliação para a reavaliação, em ambos os grupos. Entretanto no GT, na dosagem de HDL-colesterol foram observadas diferenças significativas (p=0,0110), evidenciando umamelhora na fase pós-treinamento, o que não ocorreu no GC. Com relação ao estado de condicionamento físico, os resultados revelaram uma diferença significativa em relação ao tempo e à distância percorrida na água quando comparados com a fase pré-treinamento (p<0,001), demonstrando uma grande melhora na capacidade de deslocamento com a braçada do nado peito e uma melhora significativa dafunção cardiorrespiratória. Conclusão: O programa de natação intervalado empregado, com intensidade de moderada à intensa, pode, mesmo em curto período de tempo, promover alterações positivasnos valores de HDL-colesterol dos indivíduos com lesão medular estudados, além de melhorar substancialmente seu condicionamento físico.

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Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment

Abstract: CMAJ 2007;176(8):1113-20

Cited by 514 publications

References 61 publications

An Infant with Milky Blood : An Unusual but Treatable Case of Familial Hyperlipidemia

An Infant with Milky Blood : An Unusual but Treatable Case of Familial Hyperlipidemia

Consumption of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols decreases body fat and blood triglyceride in Chinese hypertriglyceridemic subjects

Efeitos da prática da natação adaptada sobre o perfil bioquímico e o estado de condicionamento físico de indivíduos com lesão medular

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